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23  ¥ffi!ST  MAIN  STRUT 

WfBSTM.N.Y.  14SM 

(71A)I72-4S03 


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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVi/iCIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  IMicroreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


C 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notas  tachniquas  at  bibliographiquas 


Tha  Instituta  hat  attamptad  to  obtain  tha  baat 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Faaturas  of  this 
copy  which  may  ba  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  image*  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


0 


D 


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D 
D 


D 


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Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couieur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagAe 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur6a  et/ou  pelliculAe 


|~~|   Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  giographiquas  en  couieur 


□   Coloured  inic  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  blacit)/ 
Encre  de  couieur  (i.e.  autre  que  bieue  ou  noire) 

I      I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couieur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
ReliA  avac  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  causa  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serr6e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  la  long  da  la  marge  intirieure. 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouttes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  ie  texte, 
mais.  lorsque  cela  Atait  possibJa,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  4t4  filmAes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentairas  supplAmentairas: 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  la  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  AtA  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
da  cat  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibllographiqua.  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m^thoda  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 


□   Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couieur 

□   Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagias 

□   Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurAes  et/ou  peliicul6es 

0   Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  dicoiorAes,  tachatAes  ou  piqui 


T 
t« 


n 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  rMuction  indiqu4  ci-dessous. 


Pages  dicoiorAes,  tachatAes  ou  piqutes 

Pages 

Pages  ditach^es 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualit^  inAgale  de  i'impression 

Includes  supplementary  matarii 
Comprend  du  matiriai  supplAmentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


I     I  Pages  detached/ 

r~y|  Showthrough/ 

I      I  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I  Includes  supplementary  material/ 

I — I  Only  edition  available/ 


T 

P 
o 
fl 


0 
b< 
t» 

si 

ot 
fii 
si 

Ol 


Tl 
s» 
Ti 


M 
di 
ar 
b« 
ri| 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refiimed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totaiament  ou  partiailement 
obscurcies  par  un  fauillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  AtA  fiimies  A  nouveau  da  fa^on  i 
obtanir  la  maiiieure  image  possible. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

"7 

12X 

16X 

20X 

24X 

28X 

32X 

TiM  copy  filmtd  h»n  htm  bMit  rsproduetd  thanka 
to  th«  ganarotity  of: 

Library  Division 

Provincial  ArcMvai  of  British  Coltimbia 

Tba  imagaa  appaarlng  hara  ara  tKa  baat  quality 
poaaibia  conaMarlng  tha  condition  and  laglblllty 
of  tha  original  copy  and  in  kaaplng  with  tha 
filming  contract  apacificatlona. 


Original  copiaa  in  printad  papar  covara  ara  filmad 
baglnning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impras- 
alon.  or  tha  back  covar  whan  appropriata.  All 
othar  original  copiaa  ara  filmad  baglnning  on  tha 
firat  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impraa- 
alon.  and  anding  on  tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad 
or  illuatratad  impraaaion. 


Tha  laat  racordad  frama  on  aaeh  microficha 
ahall  contain  tha  aymbol  — »>  (moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  aymbol  V  (moaning  "END"). 
whichavar  appliaa. 

Maps,  plataa.  charts,  ate.  may  ba  filmad  at 
diffarant  raduction  ratios.  Thosa  too  iarga  to  ba 
antlraly  included  in  ona  aMposura  ara  filmad 
baglnning  in  tha  uppar  iaft  hand  corner,  iaft  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  framas  as 
raquirad.  Tha  following  diagrams  iiiustrata  tha 
mathod: 


L'anamplaira  f  limA  f  ut  raproduit  grica  *  la 
g4nAroalt«  da: 

Library  Division 

Provincial  Archives  of  British  Columbia 

Laa  Imagas  suivantaa  ont  4t*  raproduitoa  avac  la 
piua  grand  soin.  oompta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattat*  da  raxampialra  film*,  at  an 
conformity  avac  las  conditions  du  contrat  da 
filmaga. 

Laa  axamplairaa  originaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  aat  imprimAa  sont  fiimAs  an  commanfant 
par  la  pramiar  plat  at  an  tarminant  soit  par  la 
darnlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'Impraaslon  ou  d'iliustration.  soit  par  la  aacond 
plat,  aalon  Uj  caa.  Tous  las  autras  axamplairas 
originaux  sont  filmAs  an  comman9ant  par  ia 
pramlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'Impraaslon  ou  d'iliustration  at  an  tarminant  par 
ia  darniAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  talia 
amprainta. 

Un  das  symboiaa  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
darnlAra  imaga  da  chaqua  microficha.  salon  la 
cas:  la  symbola  -^>  signifia  "A  SUiVRE".  la 
symbola  ▼  signifia  "FIN". 

Las  cartas,  planchas.  tableaux,  ate.  pauvant  Atra 
filmte  i  das  taux  da  rAduction  diff«rants. 
Lorsqua  ia  document  est  trap  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seui  ciich*.  il  est  film*  A  pertir 
de  i'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  *  drolte. 
et  de  haut  en  bas.  en  prenant  la  nombre 
d'imagas  nicessoire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrant  la  mAthode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

mm 


^i  k\ 


i 


SMITHSONIAN   INSTITUTION.  /^^ :///,  ^^\ 

UNITED   STATES    NATIONAL    MUSEUM. 


(I 


N 


RESULTS  OF  AN  INQUIRY  AS  TO  THE  EXISTENCE 

OF  MAN    IN    NORTH  AMERICA   DURING  THE 

PALEOLITHIC  PERIOD  OF  THE  STONE  AGE. 


BT 


THOMAS  WILSON, 

Ci$rmi»r  t/  ik*  Dipartmtnl  ^ Prthitttric  Anikrt^tligy. 


Prom  the  Report  of  the  National  MuMum,  i887-'88,  paffet  6n-^am. 


i)\ 


I 

•I 


WASHINGTON! 

OOVUtNMEMT  PRINTINO  OtPICB. 

1890. 


li 


1 


:\ 


! 


^mmmm 


RESULTS  OF  AN  INQI'IUY  AS  TO  TIIK  KXISTKXCK  (IF  MAN  IN  NORTH 
AMERICA  DURING  THE  PALEOLITHIC  I'ElilOl)  OF  THE  STONE  AOE. 


My  Thomas  Wii.sov. 


The  existence  ami  the  antiquity  of  the  paleolithic  period  in  Europe 
had  been  so  well  eKtahli.shed  by  the  investigations  of  Enropean  pre- 
historic anthropologists  as  to  neither  require  demonstration  nor  admit 
of  discussion. 

The  prehistoric  people  of  North  America,  as  they  have  been  generally 
known,  whether  mound-builders  or  Indians,  all  belonged  to  the  neo- 
lithic period  of  the  stone  age,  unless  there  is  to  be  establishetl  an  age 
of  copper. 

Their  cutting  implements  of  stone  were  not  brought  to  an  edge  by 
chipping  as  was  done  in  the  paleolithic  ])eriod,  nor  were  these  iniph  ments 
chipped  in  the  sense  of  the  term  as  use<I  in  connection  with  that  period. 
On  the  contrary,  they  were  polished  or  made  smooth  by  rubbing  against 
or  upon  another  stone.  Their  cutting  edges  were  made  sharp  in  the 
same  way.  This  was  a  new  invention,  and  constituted  the  distinctive 
mark  between  the  civilization  of  the  two  periods.  The  i)eoples  of  the 
neolithic  period  had  much  the  higher  civilization.  They  made  pottery, 
had  flocks  and  herds,  a  knowli'dge  of  agriculture,  a  society  organized 
into  tribes  or  bands,  burieil  their  dead  with  ceremony,  mourned  their 
loss,  and  erected  burial  monutueiits. 

They  were  numerous  in  N<trth  America,  and  spread  over  or  occupied, 
at  one  tiuie  or  another  nearly,  if  not  <|uite,  the  entire  continent;  their 
tribes  were  many,  they  employed  different  languages,  made  and  used  a 
variety  of  curious  iiupleuients,  and  their  monuments  are  yet  a  source 
of  wou«ler  and  surprise.  These  things  have  rendered  the  mine  of  eth- 
nologic lore  in  America  so  rich  and  with  such  great  opi)ortunities,  that 
the  attention  of  the  anthropologist  and  ethnologist  of  our  country  have 
been  fully  absorbed  and  left  with  but  little  incentive  to  investigate 
that  ruder  but  earlier  period — the  paleolithic. 

My  attention  has  been  turned  towards  this  period,  and  I  determined 
to  give  it  a  share  of  that  consideration  to  which  I  felt  it  was  entitled. 
I  make  but  small  claim  to  original  discovery ;  most  of  my  facts  have 
been  heretofore  known,  but  they  were  isolated,  disconnected,  unrecog- 
nized, and  almost  valueless.    I  have  now  grouped  them,  here  and  there 

m 


«■ 


3.;;it,y 


678 


KKroHT    OK    NATIONAL    MUSKIIM,   1888. 


tilled  tlH>  ffiips  with  im'w  fauts,  foriniiluti'd  all,  and  hope  1  have  cstab- 
IIsImmI  tlioir  hearing  onu  upon  aiiotluT,  and  thus  proved  (to  iiiy  own 
mitisfaction,  at  luast)  the  {general  <K;(;iipation  of  the  United  States  by 
man  during  the  paleolithic  period.  Other  peiMons  have  heretofore  ex- 
pressed their  belief  in  this  proposition,  but  as  vet  it  has  not  been 
proved.  The  evidence  which  they  presented  may  hi* ve  been  good,  bnt 
it  was  insntlicient. 

Many  years  agoHignorCapellini,  rector  of  the  Kniversity  of  Bologna, 
visited  th<'  United  States,  and  reported  having  fonnd  at  Burlington, 
Iowa,  a  paleolithic  implement  of  white  tlint.* 

Prolessor  Joseph  Leidy,  in  1H73,  report«'<l  having  fonnd  paleolithic  im- 
])lements  in  Hint,  Jasper,  and  quartisite  at  or  near  Fort  Mridger, 
Wyoming.t 

Professor  Leidy  says : 

"III  Hoiiio  places  the  Ntoiic  iiii|il*Miieiit8  are  h<i  niiiiutroiis,  ami  at  the  mhiik*  time  m  nidi'ly 
eoiiHti'iU'tiMl,  that  oik;  jh  coiiHtantly  in  doiiht  wlien  to  consiiler  tlu>tii  uh  natural  or 
accidental  and  when  to  view  them  i\»  artiticial.  8<»iii**  of  the  plaiim  are  mo  tliickly 
Htrewn  with  natural  and  artilicial  H|dinttired  HtoneH  that  they  look  an  if  they  had 
heeii  the  hattletieIdH  of  great  arinieH  diirin<r  the  stone  ajje." 

But  Dr.  Leidy  did  not  know  these  implements  to  be  what  they  really 
were,  that  is,  im])lements  of  the  paleolithic  period.  His  friend  Dr.  Van 
A.  Carter,  residing  at  Fort  Bridger,  and  well  acquainted  with  the  lan- 
guage, history,  manners,  and  customs  of  the  neighl)oring  tribes  of 
Imlians,  informed  him  that  they  knew  nothing  about  these  implements. 
He  reported  that  the  Shoshones  looke*!  upon  them  as  the  gift  of  God  to 
their  ancestors. 

The  discovery  l)y  Dr.  Abbott  of  paleolithic  implements  in  the  gravel 
drift  of  the  Delaware  River  at  Trenton  was  the  leading  discovery  which 
bore  testimony  to  the  existence  of  man  in  America  during  the  paleo- 
lithic period.  His  discovery  was  valuable,  and  no  doubt  is  to  be  thrown 
upon  the  genuineness  of  the  implements.  They  tend  to  prove  as  well 
the  antiquity  as  the  existence  of  the  paleolithic  perio<l  in  America. 
l>y  this  discovery  Trenton  occujjies  much  the  same  relation  to  American 
prehistoric  anthropology  that  Abbeville  does  to  Kuropean. 

Less  known,  but  believed  to  be  equally  authentic,  was  the  discovery 
of  paleolithic  implements  by  Miss  Franc  E.  Babbitt  in  1S71>  at  Little 
Falls,  Minnesota;  by  Dr.  Met/,  in  the  river  gravel  of  the  Little  Miami 
at  Loveland,  near  Cincinnati ;  by  Professor  McGee  of  a  pv»8sibly  paleo- 
lithic spearhead  of  obsidian  in  the  valley  of  Lake  Lahontau  in  uorth- 
westmn  Nevada;  by  Dr.  Hilborn  T.  Cresaon,  of  Philadelphia,  at  Clay- 
mont,  Delaware,  and  Upland,  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  of  a 
supposed  paleolithic!  tire-place  or  hearth,  explained  by  Prof.  G.  K. 
Gilbert. 

Conceding  for  these  tinds  of  paleolithic  implements  full  authenticity, 


( 


I 


*  Lo  Prehistorifine.  par  (j.  de  Mortillet,  p.  17H. 

t  IT.  S.  Geological  Survey,  1''72  (Hayden),  p.  651,  tigs.  1-12. 


mmm 


Tin:    I'ALKOMTIIIC    rEKlOW    OK    THK    STONi:    A(JK. 


<;7'j 


1 


( 


tlu*,v  only  hIiow  an  isolattMl  anil  widely  scattciTd  (xHMipation  by  man 
(Iniin;;  tlit^  palcclitliir,  period  They  are  lar  t'loui  sltiivvin;;  a  general 
occupation  as  lias  been  established  in  southern  an«l  western  Europe. 
It' the  (M;eupati(Mi  shown  by  these  tinds  was  truly  that  of  the  paleolithic 
man  I  could  not  brin;;  myself  to  believe  that  it  was  restricted  in  this 
way,  and  I  thou^'ht  that  his  implements  should  be  fouml  elsewhere. 
This  was  needed  to  establish  a  j;eneral  o(;cupatiou,  and  a  };eneral  occu- 
pation must  be  est':iblished  before  the  scieiititic  world  would  accept  the 
fact  as  I  Moved. 

My  resilience  in  Kui  ope  and  my  ac(pii(intance  with  European  prehistoric 
antliro|>olo<i;y,  especially  that  portion  relating  to  the  paleolithic  period, 
caused  me  to  be  deeply  interesteilin  the  <|uesti<Mi  of  theexistence  of  man 
durin}!'  a  like  period  in  America, and  I  be<;an  my  investi^^ations  immedi- 
ately upon  my  return.  Hound  in  the  Museum  many  objects  labeleiU^Miudu 
and  (Inlinished  Implements  of  the  Palecdithit;  Ty|ie,"-and  I  (pieried 
whether  they  were  not  truly  |)aleolithic.  I  was  answered  in  the  nega- 
tive, ami  it  was  said  that  they  were  but  the  nnlinished  implements  of 
the  Indians;  in  fact,  his  J'aihireHwhvu  making;  the  more  tinished  and 
perfect  implements.  And  it  was  further  said  that  they  were  always 
found  in  (ronnei'tion,  and  associated  with  the  more  perfect  impleinent. 
While  it  was  not  said  that  they  could  not  be  found  under  the  surface 
or  in  j;iavels,  yet  it  was  declared  that  they  had  not  been  so  found ;  on 
the  contrary,  all  had  come  from  the  surface.  The  argument  did  not 
satisfy  me,  and  I  pusheil  my  investigations  and  comparisons.  I  dis- 
covered that  certain  of  the  implements  displayed  in  the  Museum  under 
the  name  aforesaid,  had  been  found  by  Mr.  E.  V.  U[)ham,  my  assistant, 
in  times  past  on  the  hills  around  the  city  of  Washington,  chietly  those 
of  IMney  Branch  and  Hock  Creek.  <iuided  by  him  I  visited  the  neigh- 
borhood and  our  searches  were  crowned  with  such  success  that  in  the 
lirst  afternoon  we  found  a  greater  number  than  we  could  carry  home. 
1  have  since  visited  the  same  places  in  company  with  several  scieiititic 
gentlemen  of  the  (le»)logical  Survey,  Professors  Gilbert,  McGee, 
llnlnu's,  Ileiishaw,  and  Mr.  DeLancey  (iill,  whose  knowledge  and  ex- 
jserience  were  of  great  benelir.  We  were  aided  by  Mr.  S.  V.  Proudlit 
and  Mr.  E.  K.  lieynolds,  who  have  pushed  their  explorations  on  the 
Eastern  Branch  of  the  Potomac  and  in  tiie  vicinity  of  the  Chain  Bridge. 
These  ru<le  implements  were  found  ever>  where  in  profusion. 

Comparison  is  as  good  a  rule  of  evidene»»  in  archa'ology  as  in  law.  [ 
ap]>lied  it  by  cotiiparinu  these  unknown  and  unrecognized  im]>lenients 
with  those  from  foreign  countries  which  were  recognized  and  admiftcd 
as  genuine  implements  made  by  man  during  ihe  paleolithii;  period  in 
those  countries,  and  as  representatives  of  its  civilization.  The  result 
was  not  less  surprising  than  gratifying.  My  examination  proved  to  me 
th.at,  though  coming  from  lands  however  distant,  from  other  continents 
separated  from  ours  by  wi<le  oceans,  these  were  all  the  same  imple- 
ments.   Their  identity  was  complete.    Both  showed  the  handiwork  of 


'     U 


(;80  UrJ'UUT    OK    NATIONAI-    Ml'SKl'M,  IKHH.  =■ 

iinui,  and  \v«'n'  iiii»l»'iiial»l.v  inamU'artun'il  tor  the  saiiu'  |Hir|n>s»  and 
roprcsi'iitin;;  tin'  same  «i\  ili/ati<ni  or  cnltnn'.  An  rxiinnnaiion  and 
conipaiison  ol  the  iniplt'na'nts  tlifniselvi's  are  neces.sai.v  in  uider  to  un- 
derstand the  tall  Coiee  <»t'  lliese  statements. 

The  remark.sol  Dr.  lieidy  as  to  tlie  liivnt  nnmluMof  these  iniph-ments 
whii  h  he  tonnd  in  tlie  Mridyer  basin  apply  witli  eipml  fon'e  to  tln^  WlnlVs 
and  hills  uronnd  the  eity  of  Washinjrt<»n.  The  reports  of  these  iniple- 
menls  in  the  Alasenm.  from  the  District  of  Utdnmbia,  are  as  follows: 

Mr.  SiKMMiiitUcr '^'' 

Ml.  l.'.yiK.Ms '-"-'l 

Mr.  I'mmiiIIH •'■''• 

Ml.  WiUoii  '-".•'.' 

Mr.  t|iii!im ■" 

,    Ml.  W.I.Hi.r H'J 

MaUiiiK  ii  total  from  tlic  District  of  Cohimliiu  of 74r> 

Extending  these  investigations  over  the  United  States,  Pn>fessor 
Lanj-ley,  the  Secretary  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  at  the  instance 
of  tliis  Department,  issued  in  January,  IS.HS,  Ciicular  No.  .'«i,  alreatly 
unntHJUcd,  and  of  which  the  following  is  a  copy : 


( 


CIRCCLAR  CONCEHNIXO  TUK   DKI'Ain  MEN T  OK   ANTKJt'lTIES. 

The  Siiiithsoniiui  I  islitntion  desires  answers  to  the  tollowin;;  (nu'stions  concerning 
that  cla8.s  of  American  uboriginal  stone  relics  wliieh  have  l)een  heretoforo  tlenoini- 
nuted  "rude  or  iintini.shed  impleinents  of  the  paleolithic  type." 

Cuts  of  some,  together  with  their  localities,  are  herewith  given. 
Question  1.  How  many  of  these  rude  stone  implements  have  yon  in  yonr  collection  f 
Question  2.  Do  yon  know  of  any  in  other  mnseums  or  collectionsf 
Question  ;{.  Of  what  material  are  they  made  f 
Question  4.  Where  have  they  heen  found  t 

(1)  As  to  locality. 

(■i)  Position, condition, and  associated  with  what  olijecta. 

(:$)  Whether  on  or  under  the  surface,  and  if  so,  at  what  depth,  and  in  what  kind 
of  geologic  formation. 

(4)  Wore  they  found  in  mounds,  tombs,  or  other  ancient  strnctnres, 

(5)  Were  auy  other  ancient  implements  found  with  them,  and  if  so,  of  what  kind. 
(())  Did  their  deposit  seem  to  be  accidental  «t  intentional. 

(7)  Have  they  been  described  in  any  jjublication,  .and  if  so,  in  what,  and  where 

can  it  be  obtained. 

(8)  Can  yon  forward  specimens  (as  many  as  possible)  to  this  Museum  in  exchange 

for  publications  or  duplicate  specimens. 


■■■^ 


TIIK    I'AIJ.OMTIIIC    I'KIMoh    0|'    TIIK    STONK    A(»K 


(>8l 


1 


I'lAil.       I'll     r.    \       IIa\|i|.\. 


^  I 


] 

5 


I'TAII.     Uk    K.  V    Ua\ue.n. 


fiS2 


l<i:i'«»KI'    or    NAIIoNAh    MINKIM,    |k«h. 


(2G0&8) 

I/, 
Nkw  ,Ji..kitKV.    l)i(    <;  <;.  ahik.tt 


AIaKVLAMi.      O.    N'.    IlllVAX. 


h 


Mahvi.ami.    o.  N.  Hhvax. 


TiiK  I'Ai.Koi.niiif  I'Kuun)  (»r   rill,  siom;  Miy.  ^\H:^ 


WioMiMi  'l>:KiiiTi>in 


I  Ml.  'It.   I.KIUV 


^  I 


WvoMlNii  TKKBinilV.     1)11.   f.   V.   IIayiikn. 


Ukegox.  Pai  l  Sciilmaciikh 


(31482) 

Kemitky.    !•'.  Bhau.v. 


684 


KKPOUT    OF    NATIONAL    MTSEUM,  1«S8. 


TBXAH.      J.    Van  08TKAND. 


(IS787) 
CAUFORMA.      AV.   U,    llAliFORI). 


:Nohiu  Cakolika.    UuWAltU  Uaywaku, 


"■»»''■■  I w  M^W— Krw»— 


m^ 


TIIK    PALEOLITHIC    PKRIOD    OF    THE    .STONE    AGE. 


685 


UaUFUKI), 


Pennhvlvama.    a.  V.  Hkklin. 


(i»as6) 

I, 
Tennksskk.    \V.  M.  (;laiikk. 


Tksxeshvi..    .1.  Tahisii  Stri.i.b 


District  ok  Com'mhia.    Jamkh  Wkiiktku. 


The  Miisemn  received  two  Lnndred  and  nine  responses.  Tlie  niiniber 
of'im|)lement-  reported  by  the  correspondents  from  twenty  tliree  Stares 
and  Territories  is  six  thonsand  seven  iaindred  and  sixty-two,  but 
twentyeifiht  persons  report  an  indefinite  number  in  their  collections 
whicli  is  incapable  of  addition :  -'A  few,"  "some,"  "  many,"  •'  plenty," 
"  hundreds,"  "  a  larpe  number,"  etc.  These  have  not  been  counted  into 
this  agpregate.  Thirty-three  persons  sent  one  thousand  one  hundred 
and  eigljty-nine  of  the  "  rude  in)plements"  for  which  they  all  received 
an  equivalent  in  exchange.  The  objects  actually  recreived  from  those 
thirty-three  persons  were  nearly  «louble  the  number  mentioned.    Those 


( ■ 

'li 


686 


KKPOKT    OF    NATIONAL    MUSEUM,   1888. 


wbich  from  tlieir  form,  appeaiiiiice,  material,  mode  of  fabrieatiou,  were 
decided  not  to  1)h  paleolithic,  bave  been  eliiniiiated. 

A  tabulated  statement  showing  the  results  accomplished  by  the  dis- 
tributiou  of  this  circular  is  here  given  : 


Name  of  Slate. 


Jklaiiie 

Vcrinoiit 

MasaacliiiHett.s 

(^oniipc'lu'iit 

New  York 

Ni'wJmm'y 

IViiiiHylvunia 

Marvlanil 

Distrii't  orCuliiiiibiii. 

Virginia 

Xortli  Carolina 

SiMitli  Carolina 

(Seor^jla 

Florida   

Alabama 

IVxas 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Kentucky 

TtinncHst'e    

Mirliitiiiii 

WisuonHiii  . 

Iowa 

MiHRonrI 

ArkannaM 

California 

Minnesota , 

Orejion , 

KaDHas 

Xcliraska 

Col  irado 

rtah 

Wyoming 

Arizona . 

Canada 


Angwera 
ri'celvod. 


Total. 


1 

'JO 

:( 

1 

1 

•-'« 

1,215 

];! 

480 

17 

IbO 

2 

25 

.I 

4K 

n 

1:24 

r> 

21 

;t    Ktnv 



7 

:i,t5 

86 
57 


106 


209 


6,762 


71 
26 


(i 


10 
10 


789 


10 
31 
25 
6 
66 
26 

2:i 
15 

IH 


6 
2 
S 
4 

38 

48 

7 


:i 

8 

2.1 

4 


10 

51 

St 

6 

1,352 

541 

212 
40 
06 

230 
27 
12 

36(1 

00 

05 

48 

7 


3 

8 

25 

4 


050 


lOH 
8,502 


RECAPIITLATION. 

Kumltpr  of  im|ilement8  rpportrd  6,762 

Number  sent  to  Miisciim 789 

Number  already  in  MoHeitn* 960 

1.7.10 


8,501 


;atioi),  were 
by  the  (lis- 


al 

in 

lU. 

Total. 

3 

218 

.... 

!»7 

90 

;!«:{ 

10 

27 

7 

G32 

41 

r.iu 

:i» 

1,  •.•!!> 

5« 

92 

i'JH 

i,4<m 

]» 

430 

5 

41 

10 



10 

31 

61 

25 

34 

6 

6 

66 

1,  S52 

26 

541 

2:i 

212 

IS 

40 

IM 

!Ni 

.... 

•S.i» 

« 

27 

2 

12 

5 

350 

4 

90 

38 

95 

48 

48 

7 

7 

:i 

3 

K 

8 

25 

25 

4* 

4 

... 

10« 

)50  1 

8,502 

fi,762 

.  789 
.  960 
1.739 

THE    PALEOLITHU-    PERlOiJ    OK    THE    STONE    A<JE. 


687 


I 


8,501 


lu  the  Hcience  of  prehintoru;  iiiithroimlogy  aliiio.st  tlie  Nole  means  of 
study  are  the  iinplemeiits  and  inoiiuiiie!it.s  made  and  used  by  prehistoric 
man.  To  render  this  study  availabh^  it  becomes  of  prime  importance 
that  we  should  know  not  only  the  locality  of  the  implement  or  object 
studied,  but  also  its  position,  condition,  and  relation  to  other  objects 
with  which  it  may  be  found  associated.  It  is  coming  to  be  recognized 
as  the  (bity  of  every  discoverer,  if  he  would  make  his  tind  of  any  value, 
to  note  carefully  its  condition.  |)osition,  and  association  with  other  v,b- 
jects.    His  failure  to  do  this  <lcstroys  its  principal  value. 

I  have  endeavored  during  the  past  year  to  secure  such  a  description 
of  all  specimens  received.  The  official  catalogues  of  the  Museum  are 
furnished  to  us  with  their  numbers  completed,  one  line  only  to  each 
Dumber,  and  this  is  subdivided  so  as  to  give  name,  date,  locality,  donor, 
etc.,  which,  with  the  official  number,  tills  the  line.  It  is  manifestly  im- 
])ossible  to  give  in  this  catalogue  the  (h'scription  needed  to  make  the 
specimen  appreciated  or  valued.  It  is  almost,  if  not  <piite,  as  imprac- 
ticable to  give  the  specimen  its  proper  value  if  all  the  information 
concerning  its  discovery  is  allowed  to  lie  in  the  registrar's  tiles  and  to 
be  found  oidy  there.  Therefore  I  have  briefed  all  letters  giving  such 
information  concerning  the  specimens  received,  putting  it  in  the  most 
concise  form  possible,  which  1  transmit  with  this  report,  to  the  end  that 
they  may  be  printed  with  it  and  ho  be  made  accessible  to  the  student, 
to  the  luiblic,  and  to  the  office. 

The  following  are  briefs  of  these  letters.  The  type  Solutreen  men- 
tioned refers  to  leaf-sha|>ed  implements,  which  wouhl  in  Europe  be 
<-lassed  as  paleolithit;.  Whether  they  are  to  be  so  classed  in  America 
awaits  future  investigation.  The  other  paleolithic  implements,  usually 
nnmentioned  in  the  brief,  refer  to  Chellian  implements  which  are  not 
considered  (b)ubttul : 

C.  M.  Sawyer,  Mechiinics' Falls,  Maine,  April  2,  188m.  SouiIh  sixteen  specimens,  seven 
of  wbi<^li  iiro  paleolithic  (type  Sulutreeu).  Miiteriul,  jasper.  Foiiiul  on  the  snrface 
of  the  shores  of  Schajjo  Lakt'  and  at  Ifayuiond,  CiiniberlaiKl  County,  Maine.  Ac- 
cession y<i44(! ;  catalogue  NoM.  l:?7.V.>;{-l;{7t)(>(). 

Prof.  G.  H.  Perkins.  Tniversity  of  Vermont,  Turlington,  Vermimt,  February  15, 1888. 
Has  many  rude  impletnents.  Material,  bluish-gray  <(uart/,ite,  argillite,  horustone, 
and  some  of  granite.  Found  on  the  surface  near  streams.  Deposit  accidental. 
Sends  forty-six  specimens,  eighteen  of  which  arc  paleolithic,  Accessi(m  iiOr)')!  ;  cata- 
logue No.  iniM2'.». 

Prof,  O.  H.  Perkins,  University  of  Vermont,  Hurlington,  N'ermout,  .Tune  12,  1886. 
Sends  eighteen  specimens  from  Bristol  Pond,  .MoiiUton.  Vermont,  four  of  which  are 
paleolithic.  Surface  find.s.  Accession  *.i07:Vl ;  catalogue  Nos.  i:Ji((>r)i>-lH9fi»)r).  Has  very 
few  larger  than  the  largest  of  this  lot. 

Prof.  ft.  II.  Perkins,  University  of  Vermont.  Burlington,  N'ermont,  .Inly  U>,  1888. 
Sends  fifty  rude  implements,  five  of  which  arc  ]»aleolithic.  Found  on  the  surface  in 
the  Mississco  Valley,  northern  Vermont,  *.  e.,  Swanton  and  Highgate.  Accession 
20H7H;  catalogue  Nos.  i:«)724-i:K»7:iO. 

Peabody  Academy  of  Science,  Salem,  Massiichiisetls,  February  6,  1888.  .1.  Rob- 
ins(U),  treasurer,  in  charge  of  Museum.  Has  a  large  number  of  rude  implements 
from  1  toti  inciies  in  length.     Sendsseven  specimens  (paleolithic)  from  Essex  County, 


688 


UKI'OliT    OK    NATIONAL    MI'SKUM,  1888. 


MnHHacbnsettH.  Material,  porphyritic  foUite.  Fouml  down  to  18  inchus  below  tko 
Hiirfiice.     AccesHJon  20ir>i>;  catalogue  Nim.  lUDilO-lItTtJir. 

WillanlNye,  jr.,  Now  iiedfonl,  MasMachuwtts,  Miiy  l»,  18iS.  Si^nls  ten  spei'iiiieuH; 
disk-s  of  quartz,  porpliyry,  etc.  Found  on  tin;  Nurfiii;*;  iit  the  wc^t  cud  of  Murtha'M 
Vineyard  Inland,  Massaclumetts,  aHsneiated  with  arrow  and  Hpciir  lieudH,  drilJH, 
HcraperN,  and  fraguusniH  of  pottory.  AccenHJon  "iOoT'J  ;  ciit!il(»;jue  No.  1:>DI:{!I.  These 
probably  bebnig  to  the  sliell  heapM,  and  may  not  bo  paletdithii;. 

Merritt  WIIIIh,  West  FarinH,  New  York  City,  February  12,  1888.  Sends  two  rndo 
inipleuientM  (paleolithic)  from  Trenton,  New  Jcrs<\v,  an<l  one  from  West  ('bester.  New 
York.     AcceHiion  20:j;»l ;  eataloKue  Nos.  i:«tl!M-l:{lH<J.'>. 

Dr.  A.  L.  Benedict,  Buffalo,  New  York,  March  1(!  18S8.  Sends  thirty  flint  im])le- 
niontH  (type  Holutreen)  from  Buffalo,  New  York,  and  five  rude  implements  (lypi;  Soln- 
treen)  from  Fort  Erie,  C'ana<la.  They  were  found  on  the  sites  of  Indian  villages  asso- 
ciated with  other  stone  impleuients.  Deposit  accidenlai.  Theso  rude  implements 
arc  found  in  great  number  all  arouii<l  the  falls  on  both  sides.  Accession  2(lli(>.'>;  cata- 
logue Nos.  i:j921)l-i:«f.".)',>. 

F.  Roulet,  Newark  \'alley,  New  York,  .luiu!  4,  188"*.  Sends  sixteen  specimens, 
fourteen  of  which  are  paleidithic  (type  Solutreen).  Material  slate,  limestone,  etc. 
All  found  in  Pennsylvania,  mostly  along  the  banks  of  the  Susiiuehanna  River.  Acces- 
sion 20088;  catalogue  N«»s.  i:Wlil8-l:U)B-.iO. 

A.  G.  Richmond,  Canajoharie,  New  York,  June  17,  1888.  Sends  collection  of  tlireo 
hundred  and  ninety-live  speciuu;ns,  embracing  hanimerstones,  scrapers,  and  arrow- 
points  (flint  and  chert),  notched  sinkers,  fragments  of  pottery,  shell,  bones,  etc.,  from 
old  Indian  village  sites  in  the  Mohawk  Valley,  Montgomery  County,  New  York.  Only 
four  of  these  specimens  can  be  classed  as  paleolithic.  Accession  2U784  ;  catalogue 
Nos.  189(567-1  :m20. 

Dr.  B.  D.  Skinner,  Oreenport,  New  York,  February  20,  IH'8.  Sends  twenty  rude 
implements  (pahtolithic)  of  quart/.;  found  upon  the  surface  over  glacial  drift  in  the 
vicinity  of  Greenport,  Long  Island,  New  York.  Acccssiou  2()2i{8;  catalogue  Nos. 
139037-139041.  These  probably  belong  to  shell  heaps,  and  uniy  or  may  not  be  paleo- 
lithic. 

W.  W.  Adams,  Mapleton,  New  York,  February  27,  1888.  Sends  five  specimens 
(type  Solutreen).  Material,  chert;  found  on  the  surfac<;  in  the  vit;iuity  of  Mapleton. 
Accidental  deposit.     Has  no  more.     Accession  ^0248;  catalogue  No.  13.»ir»0. 

W.  \V.  Tooker,  Sag  Harbor,  New  York,  March  9,  188H.  Hus  one  hundred  rude 
implements,  majority  of  (piart/.,  others  of  slate,  argillite,  vtv..;  found  on  the  surface, 
in  shell-heaps,  on  village  sites,  and  in  deposits  from  A  to  .'>  feet  in  di'pth.  Sends  six- 
teen rude  implements  (paleolithic),  principully  of  quart/. ;  from  the  surface  and  fnun 
shell-heaps,  in  the  vicinity  of  Sag  Harbor,  New  York.  Has  never  fimnd  them  (ru«le 
implements)  as  described  by  Dr.  Abbott.  Has  found  them  at  the  talus  of  the  blnfla. 
Rude  axes  have  been  found  in  digging  wells  .-it  great  depths. 

Accession  20418:  catalogue  Nos.  139340-139355.  These  probably  belong  to  shell- 
heaps,  and  may  or  may  not  bo  paleolithic. 

Howard  B.  Davis,  Reading,  Pennsylvania,  February  18,  188H.  Sends  twenty-two 
specimens,  six  of  which  are  paleidithic;  found  along  the  Schuylkill  River  about  one 
mile  south  of  Reading  in  freshly  ploughed  fields.  Deposit  accidental.  Accession 
20210;  catalogue  Nos.  139031-13903(i. 

J.  M.  M.  Gernerd,  Muncy,  Pennsylvania,  February  13, 1888.  Sends  one  hundred  and 
fiUy  specimens  and  hasone  hundred  and  fifty  left.  These  implements(type  Solutreen) 
are  from  Muncy  Valley,  along  west  bank  of  Susquehanna  River.  Surface  finds. 
None  ever  fiiund  in  mounds.     Accession  20191 ;  catalogue  No.  131Ni2(>. 

A.  Sharpless,  West  Chester,  Pennsylvania,  February  tJ,  1888.  Sends  three  speci- 
mens, two  td' which  are  paleolithic;  found  on  the  surface  with  chips  of  t|uartz  on 
what  was  evidently  an  old  camping  ground  near  West.  Chester,  Peuusylvaina.  Ac- 
cession 20t,')8,  catalogue  Nos.  137(508-1 37()()9.  .Speaks  of  several  nests  (cric/tf«)  found 
in  his  neighborhood  on  the  Brandywine. 


»  lielovr  the 

[  epei-iiiKMiH; 
of  Miirtlm'H 
«inlH,  drills, 
)j;W.     Tlifse 

iIh  two  rude 
LJht'ster,  New 

•  flint  iinple- 
8(tyi>«'Solu- 
villam'MiisHo- 
)  iinplciiuMilH 
2li:M)r>;  cata- 

n  HpeciineiiB, 
mestouc,  etc. 
tivcr.    Acces- 

stiou  of  tliroo 
i,  and  arrow- 
lies,  etc.,  from 
V  York.  Only 
14;    catalogue 

twenty  rude 
al  drift  in  the 
italogne  Now. 

not  be  paleo- 

ve  HiieciineiiH 
of  Maplfton. 

uiidred  rude 
n  the  surface, 
Scn<ls  six- 
face  and  from 
d  them  (rude 
of  the  blurt's. 

long  to  sliell- 

[h  twenty- two 
vet  about  one 
^\.     Accessiou 

e  hundred  and 
kpeSolutreen) 
Surface  finds. 

ds  three  speci- 
of  quartz,  ou 

sylvania.  Ac- 
(cttcfces)  found 


THK    I'ALEOLITHIC    PKUIOI)    OF    TIIK    STONE    AGK. 


fi89 


A.  Sharples8,  West  Chester,  Pennsylvania,  March  :U),  1888.  Sends  a  leaf-shaped 
cutting  implement  from  West  Chester,  i'a.  Not  paleolithic.  Accession  4204*.!*J ;  cata- 
logue No.  i:w:«5. 

A.  SJuirplesH,  West  Chester,  Pennsylvania,  May  8,  188H.  Sends  thirty-two  speci- 
mens, ten  of  which  are  paleolithic,  all  found  on  the  surface  at  West  Chester,  Penn- 
sylvania.    Accession '.iO()0:{ ;  catalogue  Nos.  i:W44l-i:{!M47. 

D.  T.  Millspnugh,  M.  D.,  Kendall,  Pennsylvania,  Juno  iti,  1888.  Sends  a  leaf- 
sli:ip«>d  implomeiit  and  broken  arrow-head  from  Pennsylvania,  and  one  leaf-shapetl 
implement  from  New  York  (not  paleolithic).  Accession  "MtO?  ;  catalogue  Nos.  1:{1>7:W- 
i;«t740. 

1).  T.  Millspaugh,  M.  D.,  Kendall,  Pennsylvania,  May  l(i,  1888.  Has  two  rude  im- 
plements of  impure  silica  found  about  :<  iM<'lies  from  surfiiti!  on  the  bank  of  Tunniigwaut 
Creek,  1  mile  from  Hradfcud,  McKean  County,  Peimsvlvania,  associated  with  chip- 
pings,  the  latter,  however,  not  in  great  enough  number  to  be  considered  a  manufac- 
tory. Deposit  accidental.  He  says  the  lo(;ality  is  rich  in  mounds  and  tlie  evidences 
of  Indians. 

K.  IJ.  Reynolds,  Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  April  17,  1888.  Has  hundreds. 
Sends  two  hundred  an<l  lifty-nine  specimens,  two  hunilredand  seventeen  of  wh'cli  are 
paleolithic.  Material  ipiartz,  ipiartzite,  argillite,  (!tc.  Ail  siirfaci;  finds  from  difl'er- 
eiit  localities  in  the  District  of  (%>lumbia.  Accession  'J04'.)7  ;  catalogue  Nos.  139401- 
i:«Ml-2. 

S.  V.  Proudlit,  Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  March  17,  1888.  Srndsone  hun- 
dred and  thirty  arntw-heads  and  one  nnsteinmed  sjiear-head  fr<»m  the  District  of  Co- 
lumbia.    Not  paleolilhic.     Accession  20lfc')8 ;  catalogue  Nos.  i:{l»i44-i;iy"2'^l». 

Hi  nest  Shoemaker,  Washington,  District  of  t!olumbia,  Feliruary  1"4,  1888.  Has 
alxiut  one  hundred  rude  im])leniunts,  all  from  the  District  of  Columbia  and  neig'i- 
boring  country.  Sends  thirty-live  specimens,  twenty-two  of  which  are  paleolithic. 
Material  jiriiicipally  of  (luartzito.  Fonnd  on  the  surface.  Accession  20175;  cata- 
logue Nos.  I;!'.HI07-1;j9010. 

Howard  Shriver,  Wytheville,  Virginia,  February  i;{,  1888.  Sends  two  white  qmirtz 
arrow-heads.     Not  jtaleolithic.     Accession  yoi 82;  cat.ilogMe  No.  l;t',IO'J-i. 

Nathaniel  S.  Way,  Accotink,  Virginia,  February  i;$,  lfh8.  Has  about  four  hun- 
dred of  quart/  and  qiiartzite,  fonnd  near  Accotink  ou  the  surface.  The  implements 
are  small  near  the  river  and  larger  inland.  Sends  twenty-two  specimens,  twenty  o( 
which  are  paleolithic.     Accession  21U8.');  catalogue  Nos.  i:$y028-l;li)02"J. 

Nathaniel  S.  Way,  Accotink,  Virginia,  April  '24,  18s8.  Sends  six  rude  implements 
(paleolithic)  of  quarl/.ito  ;  fonnd  on  the  surface  near  Accotink,  Fairfax  County,  Vir- 
ginia.    Accession  *20.')07  ;  catalogue  No.  IH'.M  1:5. 

Howard  Haywood,  Raleigh,  North  Candina,  March  19,  1888.  Has  sixty  specimens. 
Sends  thirty  rude  implements,  eight  of  which  arc  paleolithic.  All  were  fonnd  on  the 
surface  in  the  vicinity  of  Raleigh,  on  Crab  Tree  Creek,  about  50  yards  from  the 
shore  and  about  Pi  feet  above  its  level,  associateil  with  arrow-heads,  broken  it<»ttery, 
ant'  '\ipsof  flint.  Light  sandy  soil  with  red  clay  subsoil.  The  deposit  seemed  to 
be  accidental.     Accessicm  •20:i.'»7 ;  catalogue  Nos.  l;J9'214-i:{9'24;?. 

.1.  A.  D.  Stephenson,  Statesville,  North  t^arolina,  February  (>,  1888.  Hasquitea  num- 
ber, principaily  of(|uartzito  containing  some  impurities  which  weathers  slightly  when 
long  exposed.  Fonnd  on  the  surface  in  Iredell,  Alexander,  and  Catawba  Counties, 
North  Carolina.  Sends  three  specimens  of  rude  implements  (type  Solufreen).  Mato- 
riip!  quartzite;  found  in  diponits  in  Iredell  and  Alexandi-r  Counties,  North  Carolina. 
Many  deposits  of  these  implbtiKMils  found  in  this  •'cighborhood  ;  they  are  generflly 
buried  deeper  in  valleys  and  slighter  on  the  mountains.  No  other  implements  found 
with  them.  Deposit  intentional.  None  found  in  mounds.  Accession '201 8:i;  catalogue 
Nos.  n9()'2;J-i:i90'25. 

.1.  A.  D.  Stephenson,  Statesville,  North  Candina.  March  :?,  1888.  Sends  thirty-four 
specimens,  twelve  of  which  are  paleolithic.     Material  principally  of  (iuart/ite—fonu4 


M.  Mis,  142,  pt.  3 44 


690 


UKPOliJ'    OK    NATIONAL    Ml  SKLM, 


1888. 


on  the  siirfaca  noiir  StutoHville,  North  Caroiitiu.  Acci-ssion  'iOA^'J;  iiitalo<riicNoH. 
i:j;»:i'i(>-i:jy;«ii. 

J.  K.  NiHsley,  Adii,  Oliio,  Maieli  14,  IHH'*,  .Semis  t\vflv«'  >|MH-iiii<'iis.  Hve  of  wliirh 
art"  iWMNilily  palcolitliic  (t.vpo  .Soliitrt'oii).  I'omul  on  tin-  snrfafc  at  Ucil  Kivcr  Spriiij; 
Creek  aixl  Elk  Fork,  Todd  ('ounty,  Kentucky,  and  Moiitaoniery  Coiinly,  TennesHee. 
Aecf8«ioii  'M\i:>;  catal.ifrne  Nos.  i:{<J^O(t-i:i'.ni(K{. 

J.  Freshwater,  Loiidonville,  Oliio,  I'eliriiary  1.  I~~~.  S«nt  one  leaf  .sha])ed  ent- 
tin;;  iniidenient.  Not  paleolithie.  Found  on  the  surfaee  at  houd<Mivill<-.  LivcH  in 
a  river  valley  where  there  i»  from  l.'iO  to  20(»  feet  <»f'  drift :  never  found  any  worked 
iniplenientN  in  the  K''i<vel  or  drift.     Accession  'iOHl* ;  eatalo^riie  No.  l;{;M»i7. 

D.  T.  D.  Dycho,  Lehaiion,  Ohio,  February  H,  l-^^S.  Sends  forty-live  speciniens ; 
all  from  Warren  County,  Ohio.  Found  on  the  surface,  thirteen  of  which  are  paleo- 
lithic.    Accession  20174  ;  catalo>-ue  Nos.  l.Mtl»l»-l:{iKH>(;. 

J.  A.  Stevenson,  Akron,  Ohio,  March  Iti,  l-'-'H.  Sends  eollections  of  tliree  hun- 
dred and  ei,!>;hty-fivo  specimens.  Four  rudo  implements  (paleolithic)  from  Summit 
County,  Ohio,  and  fourteen  rudo  implunieut.s  (paleolithic)  from  .luniata  County, 
Pennsylvania.     Accession  20;<7 1 ;  cataloj;nn  Nos.  l:>l»'2y:J-i;W:W4. 

Warren  K.  Moorehead,  Xenia,  Ohio,  February  7,  li*^"'.  Has  t flirty  rude  iniplo- 
mcnts  of  tlint.  Sends  ten  (paleolithic)  implements  from  the  undisturbed  •{ravel, 
Little  Miami  River,  Fort  Ancient,  Warren  County,  Ohio,  and  ten  (pale«dithic)  from 
the  gravel  on  the  bed  of  "Old  Town  Run,''  :<  miles  n«»rtli  «if  Xenia.  Greene  County, 
Ohio.  Found  2  or  ',i  feet  from  surface,  associated  with  llint  tiakes.  Deposit  acci- 
dental.    Not  found  in  mounds  or  tombs.     Accession  2<K{:?0  :  catalo<rue  Nos.  lll'.>198- 

James  C.  Wright,  Fredonia,  Ohio,  l^ebruary  27,  HS*^.  8»'nds  fifty  specimens,  six 
of  which  are  paleolithic  (type  Solutrcen).  Material  tlint  or  burr-stone.  Found 
ujion  the  surface  in  Licking  C'onnty,  associated  with  arrow  ;iud  spear  points.  A  low 
of  the  leaf-shaped  imidements  have  been  found  in  mounds.  Accession  2(I.V)(I;  cata- 
logue Nos.  I3y4:u-i:{i)4.{8. 

C.  T.  Wiltheiss,  Piqiia,  Ohio,  March  (i,  1888.  Sends  tifty-seveii  specimens,  prin- 
cipally of  flint,  seventeen  of  which  are  ])aleolithii'  (type  Solutrcen).  These  imple- 
ments wash  (Mitof  the  east  bank  of  the  Miami  River  on  the  bott«im  lands,  from  a 
stratum  of  yellow  clay  covered  l>y  a  layer  of  black  loam  'i  or  4  feet  in  thickness.  Ac- 
cession 20:U1;  catalogue  Nos.  i:JS»l8l-i:Wl<»:{. 

Carey  Bell,  Utica,  Ohio,  March  22, 1888.  Has  quite  a  number  of  rude  implemcnis, 
]>rincipally  of  chert  or  flint.  Mostly  surface  linds.  associated  with  liner  (better 
finished)  specimens.  Sends  twenty-live  specimens,  six  of  which  are  paleolithic.  Ac- 
cession 204i:i;  catalogue  Nos.  i;if)32G-i:«):W2. 

H.  W.  Hauna,  Warsaw,  Indiana,  February  t),  1888.  Has  several  rude  implements. 
Sends  one  specimen  (paleolithic)  <tf  tlint.  Found  on  the  surface  in  Wabash  County, 
Indiana.     Accession  20180 ;  catalogue  No.  1:<1)020. 

W.  H.  Hanna,  Warsaw,  Indiana,  May  '2>'',  1888.  Sends  a  8mall  rude  implement,  a 
scraper,  and  three  arrow-point'?.  Found  near  the  surface  niton  the  blurts  above  the 
bottom  lands  of  the  Wabash  River,  near  Warsaw.  Not  paleolithic.  Acce.s»i<»n  20717; 
catalogue  Nos.  I3yf>r)f.-i:50«r)8. 

G.  K.  Green,  New  AUiany,  Indiana,  March  17.  1888.  Sen«ls  fcnirteen  specimens 
(paleolithic),  from  ancient  burying-ground  at  Clark.sville,  near  mouth  of  Silver  Creek, 
which  empties  into  the  Ohio  about  1  mile  oast  of  New  Albany,  ami  is  a  dividing  lino 
between  Clark  and  Floyd  Counties,  Indiana.    Accession  20:$»)i  ;  catalogue  No.  1159290. 

G.  K.  Green,  New  Albany,  Indiana,  May  18,  18^88.  St-uds  eight  rnde  implements 
(paleolithic).     Accession  20633 ;  catalogue  Nos.  139494-139301. 

Dr.  E.  C.  Black,  Wheatland,  Indiana,  February  It),  1"*88.  Hjw  fifteen  rude  imple- 
ments, found  in  a  cache  in  the  eastern  part  of  Knox  County,  Indiana.  Sends  one 
specimen  (typo  Scdutreen).     Accession  201/8;  catalogue  No.  l:?90l8. 

W.  H,  Adams,  Elnioro,  Illinois,  February  8,  1888.    Sends  sixty  implements— flak ds, 


THE    PALEOLITHIC    PERIOD    OF    THE    STONE    AGE. 


(>!)1 


> :  tiitalogneNos. 

IS,  rtv«^  <if  \vlii(;li 
Ji<l  KivtT  Spriiij; 
iiiity,  TenneHHec. 

Uiiif  .Hlia]i<Ml  ciit- 
iivillf.  LivcH  ill 
■mill  any  worked 

•live  s|H'('iiii(;iiN ; 
wliicli  are  paleo- 

iis  of  thrt'e  hiiu- 
it)  tVoiii  Siiiiiniit 
Juniata  Comity, 

rty  rude  iiiiple- 
listiirbi-d  ;friivel, 
palfolitliic)  from 
,  Gifciie  County, 
s.  Deposit  aeci- 
(jiuo  Nos.  i:«»198- 

<y  spe<-iiU(!iiH,  six 
rr-stoiio.  Fiiuiiil 
ir  points.  A  tow 
sioii  "iO.VU*;  cata- 

speciiiM'118,  prin- 
i).  Tlieso  iuiplu- 
Mil  lands,  from  a 
n  thiokiiC8s.  Ac- 
rude  iinpU'iiiciil'H, 

ith  liner  (l»ettcr 
■  paleolithic.  Ac- 
rude  iinpleinents. 

Wabash  County, 

iide  iinplenient,  a 

e  Idntfs  above  the 

Accession  20717; 

urteeii  specimens 
h  of  .Silver  Creek, 
is  a  dividinj;  lino 
ilogue  No.  i:59290. 
rnde  iinplemeuts 

'teen  rude  imple- 
iaua.     Sends  one 

plementa— flaVds, 


Hcrapers,  cutting  impleuK^nts.  etc.,  from  Kitciien  .>tounds.  in  Peoriaand  Knux Counties, 
Illinois;  also  a  map  or  chart  of  these  mounds.  Notiiiii);  pah-olitliic.  Ai^enssioii  :s2()177  ; 
catalogue  Nos.  l:il»01I-13U017. 

W.  H.  Adams,  Elmore,  Illinois.  April  1,  1RS8.  Sends  two  rude  implements  (paleo- 
lithic) of  Hint— surface  linds  from  Peiria  County,  Illinois,     .\ccession  •2(t4Hl ;   cata- 

loKue  No.  i:is»:}:«>. 

James  (L  Null,  McKenzie,  Tennessee,  April  :iO,  I8rt'^.  Has  twenty-live,  rude  impie- 
meiitsof  Hint — surface  finds.  .Sends  a  collection  of  two  hundred  and  seventy-one 
specinu!iis  from  Carr  >il  County,  Tennessee,  thirty  of  which  are  |ialeolithic.  Accession 
•2(t.')4r.;  catalogue  Nos.  r.W4l4-l;!'.>4'2r<. 

('.  L.  .Strattoii,  Chat'anooga,  Tennessee,  February  17,  leiHrt.  Sends  box  of  stone 
implements  from  northern  (ieorgia  and  Alabama  (lour  hundred  aiul  sixteen  speci- 
mens); nothing  paleolithic.     Accession  2(C240  ;  catalogue  Nos.  i:{l)04'2-i:{'JOrM. 

C.  A.  Thompson,  Quincy,  Michigan,  February  22,  lf*>^H.  Has  a  few  made  of  sand- 
stone, slate,  and  ciiert;  found  along  the  streams  and  in  sandy  ground.  None  have 
ever  been  found  in  mounds.  Deposit  seemed  accidental.  Sends  eight»M)n  specimens, 
three  of  which  are  piilcolithic  (Ivjie   Solutfeen).     Accession  •JOiloIJ;  catalogue  Nos. 

i;j!)-2or>-i;w2i;5. 

CharlcH  Ruggles,  Bronson,  Michigan,  February  1.5,  1888.  Sends  three  rude  imple- 
ments (paleolithic),  also  drawings  of  others  in  his  collection.  All  found  on  the  sur- 
face along  the  lianks  of  two  amall  brooks  in  lironson,  Michigan.  Accession  20208; 
catalogue  No.  I:f!t0:$0. 

William  H.  Sheldon,  Climax,  Michigan,  April  2,  1888.  Has  forty-eight  rude  imple- 
ments. Forty-seven  are  of  Hint,  one  of  ironstone.  Three  were  found  on  the  surface. 
Forty-four  were  in  a  nest  or  cache.  Not  associateil  with  any  other  objects.  Deftosit 
of  the  forty-four  specimens  intentional.  Sends  ten  rude  arrow  and  spear  heads,  etc. 
Surface  finds  from  Kalama/.oo  County,  Michigan.  Nothing  paleolithic.  Accession 
20807;  catalogue  Nos  l:i<M)24-i:!%:51. 

J.  E.  Gere,  Ricoville,  Wisc<msin,  May  21,  l^H-'.  Sends  eighty  stone  implements — 
Hakes,  scrapers,  arrow  and  spear  heads,  etc.,  ami  ten  pieces  of  native  copper.  All 
from  Wisconsin.    Nothing  paleolithic     Accession  20(!r>:? ;  catalogue  Nos.  i:iDr>ll-l;W.j20. 

Horace  Beach,  Prairie  <lu  Chien,  Wi.sconsin,  February  (i,  1888.  Has  twenty  speci- 
mens of  Hint,  some  fouml  in  mounds  and  others  on  the  surface.  Sends  fifteen  speci- 
mens, none  of  Chellian  type,  three  Solutreen.  Accession  20171;  catalogue  Nos. 
i:{8'J8.-)-i:{8l»98. 

Dr.  F.  A.  Steinnieyer,  Bonaparte,  Iowa.  May  22,  1888.  Sends  five  paleolithic  im- 
plements, one  large  and  four  small,  fouml  in  the  vicinity  of  Bonaparte,  at  a  depth 
ranging  from  2  to  ."»  feet  under  the  soil,  which  is  (tlay.  They  were  fouml  in  their 
original  positions  and  the  deposit  appeared  to  be  accidental.  Accession  20(584  ;  cata- 
logue Nos.  WYMVi-i,  i:?i)G2:<. 

Davenport  Academy  of  Natural  Science,  Davenport,  Iowa.  W.  H.  Pratt,  curato., 
June  19,  1888.  Sends  lifty-two  specimens  from  Iowa  and  other  States  and  Territories. 
Five  rude  imi)lements  (paleolithic)  from  Louisa  County,  Iowa,  and  eight  small  rude 
implements  (pnleolithic)  from  Alabama.  The  implements  from  Louisa  County  are 
from  what  is  locally  ilesignated  "the  Olil  Fort  (tronnds,"  now  and  for  many  years  in 
a  corn-field.  Forty  years  ago  it  was  surrounded  by  an  earth-wall  averaging  4  feet  in 
height.  (See  Proc.  Davenport  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.,  vol.  i,  p.  lOi).)  Accession 20751 ;  cata- 
logue Nos.  i:«Ki:?2-i:Kta->r.. 

Marion  Crawford,  Kahoka,  Missouri,  February  27. 1888.  Sends  twenty-seven  speci- 
mens from  Clark  and  Lewis  Counties,  Missouri,  ten  of  which  are  paleolithic.  Found 
on  the  surface.     Accession  20252;  catalogue  Nos.  1391.');5-13917y. 

Charles  Teubner,  Lexington,  Mi-ssonri,  March  3,  1888.  Has  two  hundred  rnde  im- 
plements of  chert,  found  on  the  surfiice  in  Boone.  Montgomery,  Warren,  Gasconade, 
Osage,  Colo,  and  La  Fii^ette  (^ounties,  Missouri,  ))rincipally  La  Fayette.  Sends  eleven 
card  photograplis  representing  Hint  arrow-heiuls,  etc.,  from  Gasconade  and  other 


f 


ii\i2 


kKI'OKT    OK    NATIONAL    MIJHKIJM,  1«S8. 


«;<(iiiiti<!M  ill  rtiiitial  .Mis-^niii i.  Niilliiim  paliMilillii);.  A<;(:<!HHi<Mi  1!(KI'J<J;  cntuloKiiH  Noik 
\:v.>\'M<-  l:!!ll!l7. 

Dr.  W.  S.  Nfwldii,  Onwi'Ko,  Kansas,  I'lliiiiiiiy  H,  IH-'H.  HmkIh  flint  (;1ii|iH  aii«l  frng- 
iiK-iilH  of  |fal'-Hlia|i<-il  iiii|)li-iiH*iitN,  I'oiiiiil  on  tliii  Hiii'f'a<;«  iikhi'  Oi«w«-|{o.  Not  paluo- 
lithic.     Ari'i-^siiiii '.'IIHI  ;  ralalo^riK-  No.  i:{'.HI*il. 

Dr.  W.  S.  N<n\  loll,  (N\vc;;o,  Kansas,  Marcli  I«i,  IHHH.  HimkIh  two  Hint  cori'H,  Hixt««n 
l'ra;{iiiciitN  (>r  ('lii|i|M-<l  iin|i|i-iii<'iils,  jiikI  oni;  liox  of  (!lii|m  uikI  tluki'H  foiiiMl  on  tbu  hut- 
t'liii'.  iKtai  OswcM)).      Not  |i:iliMililliii-.      AccinsIoii 'iO-tliO  ;  riitaloKUt^  Noh.  i:{iKt7(i-i:t!Ki7H, 

Dr.  W.  .S.  N'cwion,  ()h\v«';;o,  Kansas,  May  7,  \>^Hr*.  Sitinls  rolhtction  oflliikoH,  arrow- 
Ikm'Is,  sIm'IIo,  i-Ii'.,  froni  tint  Hitc  of  an  old  Inilian  vllla);i)  lit  ONWi-fro.  Notliing  |>iileo- 
lilhir.     AciMssioii 'J0.",H1  ;  cataloijni' Nos.  l:i!»MO-i:f;Mi:J. 

Dr.  iliMiiy  U.  ('oi',  .M:ihilaii,  Dakota,  Filtriiary  27,  l-'H-'.  K«mi<Ih  ono  rinle  cutting 
iiii|)li-iri<'iit  from  a  nioiiml  iii-ar  Manilun,  Dakota.  Not  palDoiitliiu.  AccuhhIoii 'iOi^rili ; 
cataioiiiM    No.  lii'.H-O. 


■I 


AllsriCAil    Ul     I.K'ITKHS    Hi':<'KIVKII   IN    ANHWKIi  TO  CIKCUI.AR  36. 


it 


i! 


Allurt  I.  riiilps,  Daiiiariscotta,  .Maim-,  I'clirnaiy  II,  IHSH.  lias  liftiMMi  rude  iinplo- 
iiii-iils.  Malrnal,  ti'liisparaiDl  porphyry.  l''oiiii<l  at  Ki>v«m°(;,  MiiHS'tcliiiNi  Uh,  (Hiirliic*!) 
I'l'iiaijiiid  roml  Daiiiai  isi  otta,  Main*;,  iinil  fioni  Hiiidl-li(tii|i  lit  FiiondMhip,  Miiiiie. 
Till!  iiiipliMiiriiis  fidiii  Kc.viro  wv.w  aNsoriatcd  with  arrow-|iointH,  tliosc  from  IN-naqnid 
i'oiid  Willi  niilt' arrow-poiiitH,  Ncrapi'is,  and  (raf^iiiiMitH  of  |Hitti-ry,  those  from  the 
nIk-II  licapH  will)  llaki'H,  airow-poiiits,  hoiii;  iniphMiicntN,  and  fra^nuintH  of  pottory. 

(it'or^i;  A.  {ioanlinaii,  (,'alai.s,  Maini!,  l''<-1>riiary  '.),  IHHH.     Has  no  riidu  ini|)lein«)ntH. 

.laiiii'H  I'j.  Kiiowltoii,  D.'iiii.'ii'isrotta,  .Maiin-,  May  5,  iHriS.  lias  one  hiindrod  and 
forty-four  I  iidiMiiipliMiH'iits  of  porphyry,  jiiNpt-r,  quart/,,  «;tc.;  found  in  Lincoln  and 
Knox  ('oiiiilii'M,  on  tin;  coast,  lictwrcii  Kfiint-lifc  and  (ii;or^u  kivors,  and  on  hordtrH 
of  lakes  and  rivi'i'H  fiirtlicr  iiilainl,  also  in  and  Imiioath  Nht'll-lirapN  und  aH.soi:iat(!d 
with  the  usual  l'r.'i<;in<-iiis  and  iinpleiiirnlH.  KcikIh  HoventeiMi  HpeeiinciiH  fnnn  Lincoln 
(.'oiiiily,  Maiiio.  riirsf  liclon^  to  the  .shcll-heiipN,  and  may  not  lie  paleolithic.  Acces- 
sion -Jtldl-J  ;  <:it.ilo;;iie  Nos.  lii'.MIr'-lil'.MC.l. 

"  I'lieHliell-heapH  in  this  region  may  he  divided  into  two  clas.seH— tho  recent  uud 
ancieiiti.  The  rei^int  Nliell-liit.ipH  eontain  ohjcetH  of  Kiiropeim  iiiako  UHHOciated  with 
the  inipleninits  of  the  stone  a^e,  and  the  nide  pottery  in  thu.su  heapH  had  poiiiidud 
nIicIIh  nii.xiMl  ill  with  the  i^lay.  Khell-heaps  of  this  clasH  whore  unoi(«tnrhed  aru  ar- 
r:in;r('d  in  small  iiionndH  ri'semhliiij;;  cradle  kiiollH  un<l  aru  not  over  three  fuet  deep. 
The  ^lii'll-lKiips  of  the  older  period  vary  in  depth  from  three  inchcM  to  thirty  feot. 
The  pottery  lontaiiied  in  tliem  lias  gravel,  pounded  rock,  or  mica,  mixed  in  with  thu 
clay  ;  it  hieiiks  wiih  a  shelly  fracture,  and  waH  made  iimidu  a  chmely  woven  liaHket, 
while  ihat  in  the.  recent  heap  breaks  with  a  Hpiral  fracture  indicating  that  the  coil- 
method  was  eiii]iloyed  in  niannlactnrin;;  it,  althotiKh  most  of  it,  like  that  from  the 
older  lieajis,  pliiiiily  shows  the  hasket  inarkM.  With  ono  exception  ohjectH  of  Knro- 
IK^aii  make  have  inner  lieeii  found  in  the  heapH  of  this  cIiish.  Arouiul  and  heneath 
tiiesiiallow  heaps  Ih  a  black  Htratnm  formed  of  aHhcH  and  dccompoHod  animal  and 
ve;;etal>le  matter,  while  the  deeper  heaps  are  irregularly  Htratiiied  from  top  to  bottom. 
Animal  iioiies,  pot  t<!ry,  arnd  implements  are  more  frequently  found  in  thuHe  strata 
than  in  the  HJiells.  Tin;  deeayiiiK  of  the  braiichoH  used  by  thu  Hava^KH  lui  budding, 
the  niMiish  aceiiiiiiilatiiji;  iii'oniMl  a  savage  habitation,  and  ii*ially  thu  decaying  of 
the  habitations  iheiimelveH  liavo,  I  lielieve,  contributed  largely  to  the  formation  of 
these  strata  in  and  about  the  KheII-hea|i.s." 

A.  T.  (iaina;;e,  DaiiiariHcotta,  Maine,  Feltrnary  28,  IH8H.  Sent  five  rude  iinplements. 
Material,  black  liornstone  and  <|iiart/.  Found  in  Hhell-heapH  at  McFarland'n  Cove, 
on  John's  Hay  in  the  town  of  Hristid,  on  tlie  (;oaHt  1  to  (i  fuut  ibep,  with  other  Htoiie 
impleiiienis  and  pottiMy.  Deposit  aiM'idental.  Also  one  wator-worii  implunient  found 
on  the  beach  near  Nliejl-heap.     llu  has  explored  the  Hliell-heapn  of  tho  county,  and 


TlIK    PALKOLITHIC    I'KKIOl)    OF    TIIK    STONK    AfJI',. 


(;:i; 


cntulo);ii«  Noii. 

i!hi|m  and  fraif- 
;<>.     N<»t  |)al«o- 

t  «;or«-N,  HixtoHii 
ihI  on  tbu  Hiir- 
,  i:«»;!7»i-i:w:j7H, 
if'tlukoH,  arrow- 

1  riiilu  ciitf.iiifr 
ucoHbion  '^(h^Gli ; 


It  Mi. 

i«n  riido  iniplo- 
Ni  ttH,  (Hiirtaa'.) 
idMliip,  IVlaiiiu. 
froin  I'rnaqiiid 
lioHu  Troni  the 
H  of  pol  tory. 
In  itnpleniuntH. 
Iiiuidrud  an<l 
II  Lincoln  and 
ind  on  boi'dtrH 
imd  aHMOciatcd 
H  from  Lin<;oln 
•litliic.    AcccH- 

li«)  rvc(;nt  and 
Hsocialed  wilh 
has  ponndod 
tnrhed  aru  ar- 
n;o  foet  dcop. 

0  tliirty  feot. 
;d  in  with  thu 
ivov*!!)  liasket, 
that  thu  coil- 
hat  from  tlio 
jectH  of  Kuro- 

and  beneath 
il  animal  and 
top  to  bottom. 

1  thcHe  strata 
H  iw  bedding, 
I)  decaying  of 
I  formation  of 

e  implements, 
rland'it  Cove, 
h  other  ntone 
tlemiMit  found 
county,  and 


fonnd  more  of  tlit'He  kind  of  ini|iliMiifiit.s  tliiiii  pfifect  oiiis.  lb-  lias  ik-m  i  fniiiMl  itiiy 
Htoii*-  toolN  in  or  n*-iir  tlii^  Hh>'ll  h<'a|>H  (hat  liit  tliiiii;{lil  wrrr  iir|in>iii'il  or  liiiiji'il  witii 
hiiinun  ri-iuains,  but  Mr.  rbi-l|iH  aini  liliiisflfloiiU  iMim  a  i|i'|iii.>.ii,  wlinli  wur  *'imiihI 
four  niil«'N  from  III)' Malt  water,  about  <Mii^  hiiiiiiroil  and  lltty  stmie  iimls  nl' dilt'erfiil. 
kitiilN,  all  perft'ct  and  Home  very  nicely  tiniftlieil.  Tlicy  were  mn.sllv  celts  ami  ^peiir- 
lieadN.  Of  tlie  live  riid)Mm|ilemeiits  wliieli  he  Hi-nt  four  are  iialitoliihjc.  Ai-ce.ssinn 
tiDird;  ealalogne  NoH.  l.mtA,  l:t'.)l.V,'. 

Aug.  (J.  Hamlin,  Itangiir,  Maine,  February  H,  IHHH.  Has  mi  nule  iiii|il  iiiciils  :iihI 
known  of  none.  Tliiiiks  he  Iiuk  Hceii  a  few  NJiiiiiar,  but  believes  tlieiii  to  have  lieeii 
of  recent  date. 

J.  L.  M.  WilliH,  Kliol,  Maine,  February  Iti,  H"<-'.  lias  live  nnle  im|»lemeiiis.  One 
from  New  .lerHey,  t.w<i  from  Nortii  I'aioljiia,  utiil  twolVdiii  Ne.wbiiiy,  .Massacliiiset  Is. 
(One  of  argillite,  two  of  quart/.,  two  of  line  ;;i'aiiiti'.) 

,)owqiii  Wood,  liar  liarbm',  Maine,  T'eliriiaiy  7,  I'^'^M.  Il.'is  i'oiir  nnle  iiii|>leiiieiit.s. 
(tivuH  drawingH  in  outline.  No.  I  from  Stoiieham,  .Ma.ssaeliiisetis ;  Nos.  *.i,  It,  and  t 
from  Kar  IslamI,  Ibir  Harbor,  Maine. 

K.  M.  (loodwin,  liarlland,  Vermont,  March  1,  HHM.  llassi.x  or  mme.  Seiiiis  out- 
line drawingH.  Noh.  I  and  ',\  are  (lint  foiiml  on  the  Miirfuceat  Fairllelil,  ludiana.  Ni>. 
'2  iN  a  dark  tlliit  found  on  the  Hiirfaee  in  'reiinrssce.  No.  t  is  of  liinwii  Hint  I'oiiinl  on 
the  HUrfaee  near  a  mound  in  IllinoiN.  No.  .'»  is  white  <|^iiai'l/ite  loninl  on  the  surface 
near  a  MyHtem  of  ear(,h-worl\N  in  Missouri.  Other  relics  were,  (ouikI  in  close  proxitnil  v. 
No.  (!  In  a  fragment  of  a  polislieil  im|ilement  of  )ior|iliyrilic  stone  f(iiiii<l  in  a  inoiind 
in  Fairlield,  Indiana,  a.sso<^iateil  wilh  arrow  and  s|iear-|ioints,  ami  stone  oiiiainents. 

.Joiiii  M.  Currier,  Newport,  Vermont,  February  h,  Hhh.  lie  has  galliereti  llnse  im- 
plementH  in  CaNtleton,  Monkton,  New  Haven,  and  Lincoln,  in  \'<Miiioni.  Nearly  all 
have  been  doiialed  to  the  University  of  Vermont,  N'ciinont  Historical  Society,  anil  to 
the  tSniitlmimian  IiiHtitntion.  Material,  Hudson  River  limestone,  qiiari/.ite,  and 
jasper.  Tho.se  of  gray  quart/ite  ant  the  nioHt  common,  next  the  Hndsoii  Kiver  lime- 
Mtone,  and  black  marble.  They  are  found  on  the  Nurl'ac('.  Has  foiiinl  some  from 
onn-half  to  Hi.\  indies  in  dijuneter. 

I'rof.  Henry  VV.  Ilaynes,  2'A\t  Kcacon  street,  Uoston,  Massaclinsctts,  February  l."> 
lH(^8.  Has  a  c<dle<!tioii  of  paleolithic  iniplciiiciits  ;  "Jt  IVoin  Ticnton,  New  .ler.M'y  ( live 
bin  own  lind),  Dr.  Ablxitt ;  'J  from  .A  lien  town,  rennsylvania  (A.  I''.  Merlin;,  qnait/ile; 
1  from  Millbank,  TcnncHNte  (.\.  F.  Heiliii);  Iti  troin  Little  Falls,  Minnesota  (Miss 
Kabbitt),  <inartz ;  10  from  eastern  Massa<diimetts  (hi.s  own  linil),  white  quart/.;  10 
from  iKM'theru  New  Hampshire  (his  own  timi),  white  i|iiait/;  I  from  liar  llailior, 
Maine  (his  own  find),  white  (|narl/.;  I  fnmi  I'erkins  <t>uMt.\,  (icmgia  (hi.s  own  lind), 
white  quartz;  'M)  from  Wakefield,  MasHaehiisetts  (his  own  liml),  Itrown  Cclsile  ;  "JIJ 
from  eastern  MassachiiHettH  (hin  own  find),  brown  felsite;  '2.")  from  Mooseliead  Lake, 
Maine  (his  own  find)  gretMi  felsite,  s)ieckltMl  with  whiti;  i|iiail/;  I  iVoin  l'lallslinr,i;h, 
New  York  (Dr.  D.  8.  Kellogg);  7  from  Washinglon,  Ili',uict  of  ( '(iliiinbia  (his  own 
liml),  yellow,  qiiart/.ite  ;  1  from  8agm>nay,  Lower  C.iiiada:  I  f'loni  (aistine,  Maine 
(N.  8.  True),  tine  ^rain  argillite;  III  frtmi  ltiirliii;;lon,  \  i  rmoiit  (own  liml),  [tink 
qiiart/.ite;  atotal  of  Wfi. 

The  green  ftdsitc  HpecklctI  with  white  quartz,  from  Mooseliead  Lake  (twenty-five 
HpecimeiiH),  in  the  same  material  of  which  most  of  tht;  Indian  implciiienls  are  made, 
which  he  found  in  the  Nhell-heapH  in  the  .southeastern  part  of  Maine,  at  Frenchman's 
Bay  ami  elHewhere.  Han  describeil  his  white  quart/.  implemcntH  in  I'roe.  Itostmi  So<;. 
Nat.  Hist.,  February  1,  iWfciJ,  vol.  xxi,  p.  :iS2.  M:  ny  of  these  were  fonnd  in  "hard 
pan"  or  glacial  till,  :i  or  4  feet  below  the  Hiirface,  and  where  no  Indian  iiii|ileineiit 
could  be  found.  Hut  ban  found  Home  associated  wilh  Indian  implements.  Their 
deposit  seems  to  have  been  always  accidental. 

Professor  Ila.vnes,  of  Bo.st(ni,  rciid  a  piiptT,  I'\'bniiir.v  1,  1HS2,  bcfoio, 
the  Boston  Society  of  Nutiiral  liistory,  vol.  x.\i,  pii;;*^  'iSL',  in  wliicli  ho 
reports  the  tiiuliii^  of  siinihir  iinpliinciits  in  vaiioii.s  U)caliti<'s  in  New 


B94 


KKI'OHT   OK   NATIONAL   MUSKU.Nf,  1888. 


I!aiii|Ksliin«,  Vi'rmont,  ami  iMassacliuHcttH.  He  enlarges  (ami  very 
properly  to)  upon  liis  extended  experience  with  tbe  paleolitliit^  imple- 
ments of  the  world.  He  expressen,  without  hesitation  or  donlit,  that 
these  implements  were  the  intentitmal  work  ol'  man  ;  that  they  were  not 
made  by,  nor  did  they  belong  to  the  Indian  of  that  country.  lie  8ay», 
page  385 : 

lint  11(1  such  trncos  of  Iiiiliiin  ncciipation  Ims  tlin  innst  pninstakinc  invpHtigation 
n'veiih'tl  to  mo  in  many  jilud'H  where  I  have  foiintl  the  new  typcH  ot'rudt!  implemfiilH 
in  eoiiHiiU'i'ulili;  (|uatititic8. 

Again,  page  388 : 

It  will  lie  noticed  tliat  all  of  these  nido  and  Hiniple  tools  have  been  fabricated  out 
of  the  hardeMt,  heaviest,  t«»nj{heNt  kinds  of  rocks  that  the  region  where  they  are  found 
can  fiirniHii.  They  are  conimotily  ni  luof  white  or  milky  ipiart/.,  or  tinartxite,  felsite, 
or  ol  Nome  very  (Mimpact  variety  of  syenil*' or  jjranite.  Often  they  have  Ix-i-n  fash- 
ioned ont  of  a  ]iel)ble  from  the  glacial  <lrift,  whieli  still  retains  a  portion  of  its  original 
surface  or  crust.  This  circumstance  proves  that  they  must  necessarily  he  postglacial 
in  date,  whether  they  have  been  found  deeply  bedded  in  the  earth  or  upon  the  sur- 
face of  ploughed  lields. 

Professor  Ilaynes  sums  up  his  argument: 

I  infer  the  former  existence  in  New  Kn;;land  of  a  race  of  men  dilferont  from  and  less 
advanced  than  the  Indians,  because  I  have  found  in  many  localities,  where  none  of 
the  ordinary  traces  of  Indian  occu))ation  could  Ito  discovered,  a  larjre  (iiiautity  of 
stone  implements  of  ruder  types  and  coarser  make  than  tlwiso  habitually  used  by 
them.  Whether  tliese  are  actual  relics  of  primeval  ii>an,  i.  c,  of  a  race  who  lived 
long  anterior  to  the  Indians,  or  whether  they  are  the  work  of  the  degraded  descendants 
of  an  earlier  people  who  had  succumbed  to  the  IndiauH,  I  do  not  undertake  to  pro- 
nounce. 

The  diflference  between  Professor  Ilaynes  and  myself  is  that  he  is  un- 
willing to  attribute  these  implements  to  a  paleolithic  |h  liod.  He  insists 
that  to  be  evidence  of  this  the  implements  in  question  should  be  found 
in  the  river  gravels,  or  in  a  corresponding  geologic  stratum.  I  know 
that  in  many  countries  where  the  existence  of  a  paleolithic  period  is 
undoubted,  the  implements  (principally  Chellian  or  of  the  earliest 
epoch)  have  been  fouiul  ou  the  surface,  and  they  are  identified  as  such, 
by  comparison  with  others  found  in  the  river  gravels.  My  experience 
with  these  implements  in  the  two  continents  justifies  v.<e  in  identifying 
those  found  in  America  as  belonging  to  the  same  stage  of  cultuie  to 
which  the  Chellian  impletnent  of  France  and  England  belonged,  and, 
consetiuently,  enables  rao  to  call  them  paleolithic  implements. 

James  J.  H.  (Jregi>ry,  Marbiehead,  Massachusetts,  February  0,  1888.  Has  fuuud 
caches  containing  half  a  peck  one  foot  below  surface. 

J.  F.  Frisbie,  M.  D.,  Newton,  Massachusetts,  February  U5,  1888.  Has  none.  New- 
ton Natural  History  Society  has  a  few.  They  are  found  quite  abundantly  in  this 
vicinity.     Many  Indiau  relics  found  in  this  city  and  adjoining  town— VVatertown. 

Samuel  Henshaw,  Boston,  Society  Natural  History,  Herkeley  street,  Boston,  Massa- 
chusetts, February  9,  1888.  Has  no  rndc  iniplenu-nts.  "Our  collection  was  presented 
to  tbe  Museum  of  American  Archieology  and  Ethnology  at  Cambridge  in  1867." 

Samuel  A.  Green,  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  30  Tremont  street,  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  February  14,  1888.  Has  a  collection  of  rude  implements,  found  at 
Groton  aud  along  the  bank  of  tbe  Nashau  River. 


f 

I 


run  PAhi:oi,rriric  pkriod  of  thk  stoni:  aui:. 


69") 


r«'8  (and  very 
Militliic  iiiiple- 
>f  <I«uil»t,  that 
tliey  w«To  not 
r.v.    lie  says, 

isr  invpHtij,'ati<)ii 

■licit!  illl|)l()I||ftltN 


I  fabricatiMl  out 
«» tlio.v  ar«  fdiiiitt 
ifirtzitf.  folnite, 
line  been  fnHli- 

II  of  itNori^rjiini 
l»t'  post-jrlaciiil 

r  upon  the  siir- 


it  from  mid  Icnh 
where  none  of 
"«n  <|iuiiifit.v  of 
tiDill.v  iiH(>«l  hy 
ratf  who  lived 
eildeNceiidiints 
lortuko  to  jiro- 

Iiat  lie  is  nii- 
lle  insists 
lid  be  fonnd 
111.  I  know 
ic  period  is 
tlie  earliest 
led  as  such, 
experience 
identifying'^ 
'  eultuie  to 
Jiiged,  and, 
ts. 

•    Han  foiiud 

none.  New- 
iiitly  in  this 
iiteitown. 
)Hton,  Mu8sa- 
as  presented 
I  1W67." 
reet,  Bostou, 
Its,  found  at 


K.  .1.  Kiitkwooil,  NVorcostor,  MaHHaclmnertH,  l-Vhriiary  '47,  18"*H.  (las  no  rude  iin- 
plcniiiits.  Will  spend  ni^xt  NUiniuer  exaniiiiiuK  the  valley  of  the  Conneetii'iit  Kivcr 
near  Mmiiil  llolyokt-,  and  if  HUeccMsfiil  will  scnil  rtpeciineuH. 

.li'sHe  l-'i'wki'H,  poHi-onice  liox  .')((l(.  Newton,  M.isMaciiusettH,  Fohruary  H,  \H'*H.  Huh 
two  hiinilrrd  rud*'  iiiipleiiuMits  chiclly  from  I'xsex  and  Middlesex  Coiinliiw,  MaHHachu- 
Nctts.  lias  many  from  siiell  moniids.  Speaks  of  grooved  ax  fonnd  in  luoraliie- 
deposit. 

Frank  A.  hiite-i.  Hosloii,  M;issar,liiisi'tts,  Fe  liruary  "j;!,  HHH,  Has  no  rude  iiiipio 
ments,  and  refers  to  F.  A.  Adams,  '2  III  State  street,  lioston,  Massaehnsetts. 

1'.  A,  Ailams.  lioston,  Massaehnsetts,  Fehrnary  'ill,  HHS.  Hes|)onse  n-ecived  May 
'M,  !>"".).  Ilasahont  live  hundred  specinn-ns;  altoiit  oiir-lil'th  arc  perfect  arrow  and 
s|M-ar  heads,  of  porphyry,  (|nart/:,  (lint,  olisidian,  a;;ate,  etc.,  from  Concord  and  Ply- 
mouth, .MasHa(;liiisetts,  and  varicms  States  of  I'nited  States;  tleposits  ueeideiital,  ami 
fonnd  on  or  near  the  surface,  associated  with  other  neolithic  implemtMits. 

Mk.m.  —  It  is  evident  that  this  pnitleman,  like  somi*  others,  has  mistaken  tlio  imple- 
ments ini|niri<d  about,  ami  so  liu.s  misapprehemled  the  (pu'stions. 

Irving  llolcomb,  West  (Jranby,  Conm'eticut,  February  f,  IH'^H.  Has  live.  Found 
a  nest  or  an  he  eontaininjj  a  neck,:!  by  7  by  J  inches,  *i  feet  under  ground.  Such  as 
described  in  Abbott's  Primitive  Industry,  pii;je  1!(.'). 

Irviuj;  Iloleouib,  West  (}ranby,  Connecticut,  February  1"),  lri8!).  »  •  •  "The 
rude  stone  implenuuits  I  wrote  about  were  found  as  follows:  One  on  the  bank  of 
Salmon  Mrook,  in  the  tr)wii  of  Oranlty,  Connecticut.  The  specimen  is  of  lliut,  and  was 
found  on  a  terrace.  All  other  chips  ami  untinished  specimens  I  have  were  foiiixl  on 
the  surface  in  plowed  tields — .'ill  in  dill'ercnt  places.  I  have  one  rare  specimen  which 
is  tiuished  and  was  fimnd  about  12  feet  below  the  surfaco  nicely  packed  in  with 
about  twenty  others  of  same  shape,  but  dillerent  sizes,  near  Salmon  brook,  on  a 
place  where  arrow-heads  were  made."     lias  but  <me,  which  ho  buu<>;ht. 

G.  L.  Fanelier,  West  Winsted,  Ctmneeticut,  February  I).  IrtnH.  Has  none  and  knows 
of  imne.     Will  explore  the  State  in  the  spring  and  will  notify  us  if  ho  linds  anything. 

Rev.  .It-remiah  Zimmerman.  Syraiuse,  New  York,  February  15,  IH86,  No  informa- 
tion. 

Rev.  W.  M.  Heauchamp,  Maldwinsville,  New  York,  February  7,  18S"*.  Has  a  col- 
lection.    Will  answer  more  fully  later. 

.J.  H.  Niuton,  Plainville,  New  York,  March  'i,  IH8H.  Has  about  two  hundred,  all  of 
clicrt;  found  on  th<^  snrfactt  in  Onimdaga,  Cayuga,  and  Oswego  Counties.  Has 
twenty-eight  implements  from  a  rufhc  of  lifty  turned  up  by  the  plow.  None  in 
mounds.     I)4'|i<isit  acci<lental. 

Dr.  .Julius  Pohlman,  Museum  Natural  Science,  Hutfalo,  New  York,  February  7, 
IHdH.     Has  iKuie  in  the  museum  and  knows  of  none  in  the  vicinity. 

Kdgar  .F.  Klock.  Fast  Schuyler,  New  Y(trk,  April  2,  If^t^S.  Has  very  few,  in  fact  but 
one  that  is  well  dt>lined,  which  hi;  obtained  from  .F.  R.  Nissluy,  Ada,  Ohio. 

Prof.  Frederick  Starr,  Auburn,  New  Y<»:k,  Juno  2)1,  IfiSti.  Has  one  rude  implement 
of  argilli^e,  foinid  on  the  banks  of  the  Delaware  River,  eastern  Pennsylvania,  7  nnles 
above  Eastou,  near  month  of  Martin's  Creek.  Probably  a  surface  lin<l.  Arrow-heads 
of  same  materials  and  nnich  atl'ected  by  weather  are  not  uncommon  there. 

D.  S.  Kellogg,  M.  D.,  Plattsburgh,  New  York,  February  14.  lHd8.  Has  many  rude 
and  untinished  implenxMits,  but  none  that  ho  considers  as  real  puleoliths.  None  found 
in  river  drift.    Can  dnplic.ite  all  our  specimens. 

George  R.  Howell,  Albany,  Now  York  (no  date).  Has  none,  but  thinks  there  are 
some  in  the  New  York  State  Museum  in  Albany.     We  should  apply  there. 

C.  M.  Houghton.  East  Schuyler,  New  York,  February  Ui,  H8cJ.  Has  no  collection, 
having  sold  it.  IJut  In*  has  found  these  specimens  in  dilforeut  places  in  the  western 
part  of  this  State.     Will  collect  specimtMis  if  wo  wish  from  a  sand-hill  near. 

Norman  Cole,  Glens  F.ills,  New  York.  February  6, 1888.  Has  two  hundred  from  this 
vicinity.  In  the  valley  of  the  upper  Hudson,  foot  of  Adiroudauks,  and  near  shores  uf 
lakes  and  streams. 


I 


'^ 


'ACM..-    fl>ii  iitrmriX 


J'JG 


UKI'OKT    OF    NATIONAL    MlIfiKl'M,   1888, 


•   i 


I 


JtiiiifN  AiiKiiit,  \V<«.st  Farms,  Now  York  City,  Fultriiitry  10,  IHM^.  IIiinnoiiio  ni<i«<  ami 
iinliniHliiMl  iiii|il<-iii)'iils  froiii  Wi'Ht  ('iiitxtt'i'  (^ninly,  Nrw  York,  iiiul  noiiiu  Iroiii  Ninv 
•ItTNcy.     Oivfs  lui'^i'  iMilliii)'  tlrawiiiKH. 

C.  11.  Cliii|Hiiiiii,  :(i'it  tiiiil  :((iil  Krnitilwiiy,  Nuw  York,  Fultniary  14,  ISrtH,  Han  none, 
Mr.  .J.  li<irriN,  \ViiyiifMvilli<,  Ohio,  IniH  tliuiii. 

Arthur  llollick,  ri'iortliii^'  rtocrKtaryTorroy  Itotaiiioul  Cliih,  (Niiiiiiiltia  C'ollugo,  Nuw 
York  ('ity,  Fi'lji.niry  l.'>,  If^r^"*.     Hum  iion». 

Natural  .Scioiicti  Associatitni  of  Statttii  iNlaiiil,  N*nv  Hri^liton,  Ninv  York,  Fitliriiitry 
l*i,  IHHS.  No  riiilo  iMi|>l(iiiii-iilN,  Do  not  know  «ii'  any  liavin){  Iii-imi  found  in  IIiIh 
county  ;  all  tIniN  far  iliNcovfrcil  bt'Ion^  to  tint  Nlit>ll-nionnilM, 

Dr.  ('.  C.  Altlxilt,  'rrfntmi,  Nmv  .li-rMcy,  Init  written  at  ('aniliridge,  MaHHat'hnH«>tt(t, 
Fobruary  !.'>,  IH'^'^,  (AnswtTs  for  Froftotsor  Fntiiaiii.)  llaH  tlioUManilH  of  lni|iliHnfntM 
of  paleolithic  charactiM'  from  various  localities,  lias  thu  Abbott  Collection  from  liiu 
Trenlon  gravels,  but  can  ^ive  no  appruximation  as  to  uuuiber.  Would  take  a  nunitli 
to  make  a  list, 

SaminO  .laekion,  Freithold,  New  Jersey,  March  11),  ISSS,  His  collection  is  in  the 
Peabody  Museum  at  CamliridKe.  lias  thrt;«  specinntns  like  No,  lOOriO — Utah,  several 
like  No,  .Mlltl — Maryland  ;  found  under  the  roots  of  a  tree  IH  inches  deep  in  Monnionth 
County, — possildy  n  luvlie.  He  mentions  a  find  contuiniiiK  a  lar^je  number  of  speci- 
nuMiM standing  ])crpeudicular  and  arrau;;ed  in  <-irclus.  One  or  two  of  these  are  iu  the 
Lockwood  Collection  at  C'anibridgc,  Massachusetts. 

Frank  1),  Andrews,  Vinelaud,  New  Jersey,  February  18,  1M88,  Has  found  innny  of 
hiunstone  iu  Schoharie  County,  New  York,  but  has  sold  his  collectiuu.  Will  try  aud 
collect  some  this  summer, 

Robert  H,  Knj{le,  Moorestown,  Now  Jersey,  Fehrnnry  20,1888,  Has  fifty.  Material 
greenstone  and  tpiartz.  Found  on  thu  surface  in  Watauga  County,  North  Carolina, 
Burlington  County,  New  Jersey,  Summit  County,  Ohio,  aud  Davidson  County,  Ten- 
nessee.    Collection  packed  up;  when  unpacked  will  send  duplicates. 

Andrew  Sherwood.  Maiistiehl,  Pennsylvania,  Marcli  iJ7, 1888,  Can  not  say  how  ninny 
rude  implements  he  has  in  his  collection.     Writes  about  thu  "  Piiz/.liiig  Cobbler." 

T.  .M.  Nesbit,  Lewisburgh,  Peunsylvauia,  June  ",'0,  1888,  Has  a  great  many  rude 
HtoiiG  implements  of  tlint,  found  in  tiie  drift  aud  bowlder  clay. 

A.  F.  Uerliu,  Allentown,  Pennsylvania,  February  11,  1888.  Has  twelve,  eleven  of 
quartzite,  one  of  yellow  jasper ;  found  on  the  surface  iu  the  city  of  Reading,  Peuusyl- 
vaniii,  on  the  banks  of  the  Schuylkill,  on  islands,  and  five  or  six  from  Allenlown, 
Pennsylvania.  See  article  iu  Americau  Antitiuarian,  vol.  i,  No.  1,  page  10,  and  art- 
icle by  Dr.  W.  J.  Hoti'inan.  American     aturalist.  Vol.  XIII,  No.  ij,  pag.  108. 

S.  S.  Rathvou,  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  March  22,  1888.  Has  about  three  hun- 
dred and  fifty,  including  all  kinds.  Material  gray  quartzite,  white  quartz,  chert, 
Jasper,  horustone,  etc.  Found  along  the  banks  of  the  Susquelianua  aud  Cone>loga 
River.H  and  adjacent  creeks  an  1  in  plowed  fields.  Also  found  with  Iragiiieiits  and 
chips,  as  if  there  had  been  places  of  manufacture.  Have  been  flescribed  in  the  I  rans- 
actions  of  the  Americau  Philosophical  Society,  1878.  |)ages  ;J.^)l-:i(iH. 

G.  W.  Brodliead,  Water  Gap  House,  Delaware  Water  Gap,  Pennsylvania,  Felun- 
ary  10,  1888.  Has  a  number  of  horustone,  chert,  yellow  and  brown  jasper,  silicitiiH 
slate,  and  white  quartz ;  found  north  and  south  of  the  Gap,  always  iu  the  valley 
and  on  the  surface.  None  found  in  mounds.  Horustone  is  lound  1  and  2  miles  north 
of  Water  Gap  in  a  bed  of  Oriskany  sandstone,  yellow  and  luown  jasper,  from  quarry 
near  Easton,  '24  miles  south.     Franklin  Peale  used  to  gather  them  twenty  years  ago. 

H.  L.  Simon,  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania.  Has  a  collection,  l>nt  it  is  packed  up. 
The  material  is  flint  .and  jasper ;  found  on  the  surface  at  Mill  Creek  and  Tumbury  (f) 
Hill,  on  Susquehanna  River. 

Charles  H.  Stubbs,  M.  D.,  Wakefield,  Pennsylvania,  Has  twenty- four.  Sent  many 
to  Lehigh  University,  Pennsylvania.  Peter  Hiller,  Conestoga  Center,  Lancaster 
County,  has  a  collection.  Material  trap  rot^k  and  sandstoue  ;  found  ou  thu  surface 
at  Caldwell's  Island,  Susquehanna  River,  aud  near  Gap,  iu  Lancaster  County. 


TiiK  i'ALK<>Lrriii(;  pkimod  ok  THK  MTONI',  aok. 


6J)7 


<  Hoiiit.  rii(ii<  1111,1 
"ino  Iniiii  Ntnv 

'^'^.     UtiH  iion«». 

I  College,  Ni)w 

'••rl{,  IVliriiiii  V 
fotiinl  ill   tlilH 

klllNNltclMINfttS, 

<»t'  iiii|)li<iiifiirN 

i'Moii  tiiMii  Mill 

tivke  union  til 

ion  in  ill  tlio 
lUah,  .stn-uriil 
ill  Moiiinoiitli 
iImt  of  Nptiei- 
UNU  uro  iu  tliu 

>mi»I  ninny  of 
Will  try  ami 

y.  Miiteriiil 
'til  Carolina, 
'Oniity,  Tcn- 

iy  liowniany 
^'obhler." 
inuiiy  riKJe 

e,  elcv«ii  of 

K,  Ptiiiiwyl- 

AikMilown, 

10,  and  art- 

18. 

three  linn- 

rtz,  clnM-r. 

C'<in«f>to;:a 

iiitints  and 

tile  lran.v 

ia,  l'\'liii|. 
r,  siliciiiiH 
li"  valley 
dies  north 
I'm  quarry 
years  ayo. 
tcked  II  |i. 
ubiiry  (f) 

lent  maiij/ 
^aiieaster 
t)  surface 


Oliver  D.  Hcliock,  HanilMiiKli.  i'l-iiiixylvaiiia,  Aiiril,  If'Hw,     No  iiifonnation. 
(t.  S.  I.aiiilioni,  l.ilHTty  S<|iinir,  rniiiNv  l\  iiiiiji,  l'cl»niai>  ',»,  l-^H".     Has  srvrn  ii|i««'i- 
mens  of  hard  hrowii  HaiidNtoiM,  Mark  liiip,  «(iiaH/itr,  yriiy  iiinl  Idack  jaH|H-r.    tint' 
fare  lindH  from  tin!  hankN  of  ri\erH  ami  in  plowed  lieldM.     No  duplicatex. 

(•eorge.S.  Laniliorn,  Liherly  S«|ii.iie,  I'cniiMvlvaiiia,  I'eliniaiy  7,  I'H'.i.  Sinee  wrilinK 
luNt  lian  coiue  in  poNHeHHion  of  a  n.oiie  iiiip|t>iiieiit  -very  liard—of  aHli  eolor,  witliMiiull 
end  Noinewhat  l>rok*-n.  Inelosed  a  nkelih.  The  dotted  liiieM  were  proltaldy  the  oriKi- 
mil  ed^e,  tideraldy  sharp.  The  oiilsidi'  liiieN  were  drawn  looking;  a'  it  the  lirniol 
way;  the  iiiHide  aie  lookinu  niiaiiisi  tin' ed^'e.  The  HUeteh  Ih  full  si/.c.  lie  IntH  in-ver 
hefore  wen  one  like  it.  It  wa»»  found  at  .VleCaH's  Ferry,  LaneaHter  L'oiiiity,  renn»yl- 
vania. 

Kev,  W.  M.  Ta>Ior,  Mount  .laekxon,  I'eniiNylviinia,  April   12,  HH-^.     Muh  hut  few 
rude  iinpleiiientN.     Will  look  for  Noine  this  snnimer. 
Norman  Hpan^,  Htiia,  renuHylvaiiia,  Fohriiary  li,  HH-<.     Ilns  had  many  hiindredi*. 
V.  \V.  Hrown,  Glen  JJoek,  IViinsylvania,  I'ehriiary  7,  IsHh.     ||aN  none  and  knows 
of  none. 

C.  John  Ilnxamer,  41'J  Walnut  nlrei  t,  I'hihidelphia,  Peniisylviiniii,  IVhriiary  7, 
166<},     HiiH  none. 

X.  II.  /ahni,  LancaNter.  Perinsylvania,  February  '27,  Ihhh.  Has  Hix  hundred  rude 
iiiipleineutH,  principally  of  »;ray  stone  or  trap  rock,  while  (|iiart/,  Jasper,  and  Hint, 
foiiiul  on  the  hanks  of  the  Siisqin  Ininua  liiviM-  and  in  plowed  liiids  in  reniiHyl- 
vania  and  Maryland,  an«l  in  Florida  on  the  hanks  of  a  lake,  asso('iai«>d  with  arrow 
and  snear  points,  axes,  etc.  Deposit  seemed  accidental.  Has  Home  wnich  he  wonlil 
exchanj^e  for  ohjecta  not  in  his  collection. 

Georj{e  H.  Clapp,  Pittshuruh.  Pennsylvania,  Fehruary  7,  IrtHH.  Has  thirty  of  artfil- 
lite  and  dint,  found  on  the  surface  in  the  Ohio  Kiver  Valley,  l:t  miles  below  Pitta- 
hiir^h,  as-sociated  with  chips  and  tininhed  arrow  and  spear  heads.  Deposit  M-enied 
accidental. 

I.  .S.  (feint,  secretary  Natural  History  Lyceum,  Marietta,  Pennsylvania.  (Nodate.) 
Has  none. 

J.  D.  MctJiiire,  Ellicott  City,  Maryland,  Fehruary  J),  1H8H.  Has  about  three  hun- 
dred of  quartz  or  qnartziie,  found  on  the  Fastern  Braucli  Potoinat;  Hiver,  District  of 
Columbia;  Patapsco  Kiver  near  Helay,  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Kailroad,  Maryland; 
South  Kiver  Neck,  Anne  Ariimlel  County,  Maryland,  and  a  few  from  his  farm,  Howard 
Comity,  Maryland.  Foiiinl  on  surface  at  lii^ii  tlood-line  of  these  streains.  Has  a 
cache  of  twenty  from  .Vnne  Arundel  County.  Ten  feet  away  was  another  cache.  One 
cacAe  of  one  hundred ;  one  of  twenty-six.  All  of  the  cnvhe  impleiiients  found  near 
oyster- shell  heaps. 

Mkm. — May  not  these  belong  to  the  )irehistoric  man  who  made  the  shell  heapst 
There  are  believed  to  have  been  two  epochs  of  prehislorii'  ciiltiiie  represented  in  the 
kjoekeninoddiii);s  of  Dt-nmark.  The  shell  heaps  of  America  should  be  carefully  ex- 
aiiiined  for  evidences  of  paleolithic  man  or  for  an  earlier  epoch  than  the  neolithic 
period. 

O.  N.  Mrvan,  .Marshall  Hall,  Maryland,  Febriiar.\  2'.i,  188"<.    .'^ent  a  large  number  to 
the  8mitlis(Miian  Institution  last  spring. 
E.  Stanley  Gary,  iUICmoic,  .Maryland,  February  fi,  18S,S.    No  infor.nation. 
Otis  IJigelovv.  .Vvenel,  Maryland,  February  ri,  1888.     lias  already  deposited  his  col- 
lection ill  the  Smillisunian   Institution.     Knows  of  workshop  on  the  Mattapony  in 
Giiincys,  Candine  County,  Virginia. 

Alexander  ('.  Black,  Army  Medical  Musenni,  Wa.shington,  Di.strict  of  Columbia, 
February  10.  1^-8.  Has  none.  Has  given  all  his  specimeus  to  the  Smitlisonion  In- 
stitution. All  were  surface  linds  from  Kandolph  County,  ludiana.  Never  found  in 
mounds. 

Albert  S.  Garchet,  Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  February  7, 1688.  Has  none. 
Sends  lists  of  museums  iu  Swit/erlaud. 


« 


>  -i 


t 


I 


♦)S8 


REPORT    OF    NATIONAL    MUSKUM,  IHH8. 


\ 


I 


i 


Dr.  H.  ''.  Yitriow,  Wiishin;;toii,  Uistrict  of  Coliiiiibiii,  Fobriiury  ti,  1888.  Has  seut 
lUH  ciieiiiu:*  to  William  ilallot  Pliillip!^,  enq.,  of  WaHliin<i;ton. 

John  .1.  Fl.aidt'ii,  llVi.^  K  street,  VVashiiigtoii,  District  of  Columbia,     No  colU'ttioii. 

George  H.  Moraii.  M.  D..  MorKaiitowii,  North  Carolina,  February  'iW,  18.S.S.  Has 
none,  but  coiilil  fiiKl.  Will  st't-k.  Has  sent  objctts— "  (iila  nionsttr ''— In  Profcs.sor 
Bainl. 

G.  B.  Lartiipie,  M.  I).,  Hlackv  illc,  South  Carolina,  February  11,  IHriS.     Has  none. 

S.  E.  Habcock,  Che.ster,  South  Carolina.     Has  noni'. 

J.  C.  Ncal,  M.  D.,  Aicher,  Florida,  February  1(1.  18S-*.  Has  twenty  or  more  speci- 
mens of  sione  tlnrts.  A  mound  was  oj»ened  on  Tallapoosa  River,  farm  of  William  R. 
.Ionian,  by  a  freshet.  Largo  quantities  of  i>ottery,  skulls,  implements,  ete.,  of  silver 
ami  bronze  were  found. 

Prof.  N.  T.  Lupton.  Auburn,  Alabama,  March  12,  1.SH8.     Has  none. 

C.  M.  Lnttrell,  Oxford,  Alabama.  Has  non<!.  A  private  collection  at  Taladega, 
Alabama,  is  for  sab;;  owner  dead. 

.J.  P.  Stelle,  Mobile,  Alabama,  March  11),  ll?f8.  Does  not  know  of  any  rude  im- 
plements. Has  lately  been  along  the  Gulf  coast  in  Baldwin  County,  Alabama, 
and  found  the  region  very  rich  in  aboriginal  ii  niaius;  two  or  three  different  races 
seem  to  be  well  represented.  There  are  many  large  m(>unds,  none  of  wliich  seem  to 
have  been  explored.  The  finest  iiottery  he  has  yet  mot  with  is  there;  light  and  well 
baked. 

Prof.  G.  F.  Wright,  Oberlin  Ohio.     Has  four  from  Dr.  Abbott. 

E.  T.  Nelson,  Delaware,  Ohio.  Has  six  hundred  rude  implements  of  flint;  a  large 
proportion  were  found  in  a  single  inxketor  cache  near  the  dividing  line  of  Knox  and 
Coshocton  Counties  in  this  State. 

M.  C.  Read,  Hudson,  Ohio,  February  7,1888.  Found  about  seventy-five  mingled 
with  animal  bones  and  fragments  of  pottery  in  a  rock  shelter  in  Boston  township, 
Summit  Comity,  Ohio.     See  Smithsonian  Institution  Report  187'J,  page  4;?0. 

G.  W.  Hornisher,  Canulen,  Ohio,  February  14,  188H.  Has  several  paleolithic  im- 
plements; never  counted  them  ;  material,  chert;  fo'ind  on  the  surface  along  the  east 
branch  of  White  Water  River. 

D.  F.  Appy,  (iranville,  Ohio,  April  iiS,  1888.  Has  sixty-three  rude  implements  of 
flint  or  hornstone"  found  mostly  on  the  surface  in  Licking  County,  but  have  for.ntl 
twenty-two  in  luonnds  within  a  radius  of  1  miles  of  this  phnse. 

Mkm. — But  these  aie  not  paleolithic. 

S.  M.  Lnther,  Garrettsvillc,  Ohio,  March  .">,  1H88.  Hassixty  rude  implements,  chiefly 
of  chert ;  a  fewof  <iuartzite ;  nearly  all  found  on  the  surface.  There  are  quite  a 
numbfrof  what  Dr.  Abbott  leruis  "  Turtlebacks."  All  found  within  a  radius  of  20 
miles  of  this  place. 

Henry  W.  Hope,  Paint  post-ofHce,  Ohio,  June  o,  1888.  Has  twenty  rude  imple- 
ments of  flint  or  other  Hne-grained  stone  ;  found  on  the  surfaces  in  Highlaml  County, 
Ohio,  itnd  not  associated  with  any  other  relics. 

Robert  Clarke,  Cincinnati,  Ohio.     Has  none. 

J.  F.  Henderson,  Newville,  Ohio,  March  15,  1888.     Has  no  information. 

W.  M.  Cunningham,  Newark,  Ohio,  April  10,  1888.  Has  twenty-five  rude  imple- 
ments, principally  of  flint:  found  on  the  surface  and  in  mounds  or  earth-works  in 
Licking  County,  Ohio,  associated  in  some  cases  with  arrow  and  sjtear  points,  axes, 
etc.  Deposits  api)ar(ntly  both  accidental  and  intentional.  Collection  not  in  shape 
for  exchanges. 

John  P.  McLean,  Hamilton,  Ohio,  I'ebruary  2'.i,  1888.  Has  a  few  o"  dark  blue 
chert;  found  ou  the  surface  in  Butler  County,  Ohio.  In  section  24,  Hanover  town- 
ship, of  this  county,  is  a  fleld  where  great  nuuibers  have  been  found.  "  If  you  request 
will  try  and  find  some  more." 

Dr.  W.  B.  Rosamond,  Miluersville,  Ohio,  February  10,  1888.  H«  will  setul  fifty  or 
seventy-five  found  here  on  the  surface.    Will  exchange  for  publications. 


V    A 


THE    FALKor.lTHIC    I'KRIOI)    OF    THK    STONE   AGE. 


Gi)9 


ks  sent 

I'i'tioii. 
ilns 
|)l'('Nsor 

lone. 

Isiit'ci- 

lani  R. 

silver 


kdega, 


Georgo  \V.  Doan,  IvtMit,  Ohio,  IVhnniry  8.  188-<.  Has  thiity-one  iMwle  iinpliMnentH 
of  chert,  from  :{ to  4  inches  in  hngth  by  l.J  to  '2'i  in  width  by  i  to  I  inch  in  thickness. 
From  Trunibiill,  Portagjs  and  Suiiiniit  ConnticH,  Ohio. 

Dr.  Herbert  Twitchi-ll,  Hamilton,  Ohio,  March  )iS,  1H8-^.  Has  nothing  paleolithic. 
Sent  tin-type  of  liirge  spcar-In-ad. 

A.  P.  Pets.',  Massilioii,  Ohio,  March 'Jl,  1888.  Has  ninety  rndt!  chipped  iniplcnionts 
of  colored  chert,  varying  in  length  from  '2  to  .')  or  (J  inches,  given  him  by  farmers  who 
plowed  them  up.  Can  exchange  twenty  for  publications  on  tliis  snbject.  Lxpects 
to  get  u  cachf  of  tiints,  fonnd  w)iile  digging  a  ditch.  He  has  the  largest  jirivate  col- 
lection in  this  connty  (Stark),  nninbering  over  one  thousand  specimens,  which  he  will 
sell  for!§r)00  cash. 

I.  H.  Harris,  Waynesville,  Ohio,  February  11,  1888.  Has  two  or  three  hundred 
"chips  and  nntinisheil  iniplemciits."    .\1I  from  F'ort  .Vncient. 

K.  T.  Manning,  Youngstown,  Oliio,  March  5,  1888.  Has  twelv(3  rude  iinidements  of 
•lint;   found  in  southern  Ohio. 

.lames  H.  Smith,  LicLiiig  County,  Pioneer  Historical  and  Aiitiiniarian  Society, 
Newark,  Ohio,  February  8,  1888.     Has  none  and  knows  of  none. 

Horace  P.  Smith,  custodian  Cincinnati  Society  of  Natiii;il  History,  108  Broadway, 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  lo,  jHrj-',  Has  but  a  small  number  of  these  implements  in  the 
collection.  Cannot  be  sent  for  verihcatiou  without  the  action  of  the  executiv  board 
of  tli<'.  society. 

.John  H.  Lemon.  New  Albany,  Indiana,  February  14,  1888.  Writes  from  Escondido, 
California.  Has  one  hundred  i)ale(dithlc  implements  of  white,  red,  and  gray  Hint; 
found  on  the  surface  near  falls  of  the  Ohio. 

T.  L.  Dicker.son,  Fairlield,  Indiana,  February  1:5,  1888.  Has  many  of  these  rude 
implementsofchert,  sandstone,  sometimes  of  bastard  granite,  and  striped  slate ;  found 
on  the  surface  near  springs,  camp  sites,  etc.,  and  associated  with  broktsn  implements 
and  chips,  indicating  shops  and  nniniifactories.  Deposit  accidental,  except  where 
cached. 

E.  L.  Guthrie,  Adams,  Indiana,  February  20,  1888.  Has  a  few  very  fine  specimens 
(not  paleolithic),  found  on  the  surface  in  this  county  (Decatur),  Indiana.  Sends  many 
tracings  of  line  implements.  Will  not  part  with  them— but  gladly  loan  for  com- 
parison. 

William  W.  Borden,  New  Providence,  Indiana,  March  2:?,  1888.  lias  quite  a  large 
collection  of  stone  implements  of  various  kinds.  Has  purchased  several  cabinets. 
Has  the  collection  of  the  late  Dr.  .James  Kuaiip,of  Louisville,  Kentucky.  Will 
forward  some  specimens  suon. 

C.  S.  Arthur,  Portland,  Indiana,  March  20,  18.-'8.  Has  seventy-tive  of  Hint;  found 
on  the  surface  in  ditl'eient  localities  in  Jay  C«)unty.  A  nest.or  t'dtV/e,  of  sixty  were 
uncovered  by  the  plow  about  5  miles  from  here.  Another  lot  was  found  In  Adams 
County,  buried  in  sand.     They  have  never  been  described. 

E.  Pleas.  Dunreith,  Indiana,  February  10,  1888.  Has  one  hundred  rude  imple- 
ments. Can  spare  thirty  or  forty  from  \'an  Buren  Connty,  Arkansas,  and  thirty  from 
Henry  Connty,  Indiana. 

Charles  H.  Bry  in,  Muncie,  Indiana,  February  !•,  1888.  Has  a  number  found  on  the 
surface  in  Logan  and  Hancock  Counties,  Ohio,  and  Jay  County,  Indi.ana.  Has  some 
likeNo.  7t)8audNo.  81t04.  Could  collect  fifteen  or  twenty  specimens  to  send.  Hassoiiio 
which  he  will  give. 

John  W.  Linck,  Madison,  Indiana,  February  17,  1888.  Don't  know  anything  about 
paleoliths,  but  .Iesst>  Wagner  has  a  petrified  head  of  a  bufi'alo. 

William  Robertson,  Farmland,  Indiana,  March  20,  1888.  Has  over  one  hundred, 
mostly  of  granite  ;  found  on  the  surface  in  Randolph  County,  Indiana. 

Mkm. — Surely  not  palecdithic. 

D.  A.  K.  Andrus,  Rockford,  Illinois,  February  7,  1888.  Has  none  and  knows  of 
none. 


$f 


700 


REPORT   OF   NATIONAL   MUSEUM,  1888. 


If 


Georgo  E.  Sellers,  Bowle.sville,  Illinois.  (No  date.)  The  nule  unfiuiBbed  imple- 
iiieiiiHure  very  ubiiiKliuit  in  soiitlierii  Illiiioi;'  more  so  in  the  more  recent  out-door 
woi  k.^liiips  than  in  the  nionnds  ur  the  shops  connected  with  them,  and,  in  oiost  caaeH, 
u|i|ieiir  to  be  niodilied  cores. 

Dr.  Merit  L.  Saunders,  Thompson,  Illinois,  February  8,  18d8.  Will  send  arrow- 
points,  chips,  etc. 

H.  S.  lluckuiau,  Peru,  Illinois,  February  2G,  IddS.  lliva  but  few.  His  collectiou 
consists  of  higher  iinished  iniplenieuts.  Has  a  steel  spear  found  in  a  mound.  Believes 
discoidal  stones  were  used  as  mortars — has  one  with  pestle  fitting  in  it. 

U.  T.  Miller,  South  Bend,  Indiana,  March  9,  1886.  Has  about  one  hundred  rude 
implements;  found  on  the  surface  near  this  place,  in  isolated  localities.  Sends  photo- 
graph of  image  carved  from  iiray  sandstone. 

C.  L.  Obst,  Pittstifld,  Illinois,  March  2U,  1888.  Has  a  few  rude  implements  of 
white  and  piuk  Hint  and  jasper.  Surface  tinds.  Teu  years  ago  found  one  of  them  in 
a  drift-bed  not  less  than  To  feet  in  height,  in  Calhoun  County,  Illinois.  Never  found 
any  in  mounds,  totnbs,  Indian  graves,  or  ancient  structures  of  any  kind. 

George  Newcomer,  Franklin  Grove,  Illinois,  March  2,  1888.  Has  twenty-four  rude 
implements;  twenty  of  white  chert  found  on  the  surface  in  Whiteside  County,  and 
fourof  quartzite  from  Carroll  County,  Illinois. 

John  Brady,  Aledo,  Illinois,  February  11,  188rt.  Has  forty-five  paleolithic  imple- 
ments of  tlint,  some  of  which  are  light  colored,  others  are  blue  and  gray  ;  found  on 
the  surface  in  Mercer  County,  Illinois. 

E.  H.  Hamilton,  Petersburg,  Illinois,  February  2i,  1888.  Has  forty  or  fifty  rude 
implements  of  white,  yellow,  and  dark  blue  dint;  fouudon  thebank»>of  the  Sangamon 
River,  associated  with  flint  chips,  broken  pottery,  etc.  Identical  with  Nos.  5900, 
9767,  115:^5. 

William  McAdams,  Alton,  Illinois,  February  12,  1888. 
river  gravels  alongside  of  Devonian  aiul  Silurian  fossils. 

John  B.  Tscharner,  Champaign,  Illinois,  Feb.  11,  1888. 
of  white  and  dark  dint;  found  on  the  surface  in  Washington  County,  Illinois,  asso- 
ciated with  dint  arrow  and  spear  points.    Deposit  seemed  accidental. 

D.  F.  Hitt,  Ottawa,  Illinois,  February  27,1888.  Has  very  few;  never  thought 
them  worth  saving. 

M.  Tandy,  Dallas  City,  Illinois,  March  19,  1H88.  Has  three  rude  implements  of 
dint  and  others  of  various  kinds,  amounting  to  twenty-dvu  specimens;  found  on  the 
surface  in  this  vicinity.  Has,  with  very  few  exceptions,  sent  all  the  results  of  his 
collecting  to  the  Smithsonian  Institution. 

Lawson  S.  Bliss,  Dallas  (Mty,  Illinois,  February  i:{,  188-*.  Has  a  number  of  rude 
and  unfinished  implements.  Has  a  large  collection  of  arrow  and  spear  heads,  stone 
axes,  etc.  Is  adding  to  his  collectiou  with  intent  to  present  to  the  Smithsonian  In- 
stitution.    L^)^)\^  at  Mr.  Tandy's  collection  already  presented.     Many  mounds  here. 

James  Shaw,  Mount  Carroll,  Illinois,  February  10,  1888.  Has  sent  rude  specimens 
to  the  Stnithsonian  Institution.     Will  send  more  in  the  early  spring  and  summer. 

W.  H.  H.  King,  Jacksonville,  Illinois,  April  2r>,  1888.  Has  one  hundred  implements 
of  chert;  found  niostiv  on  the  surface  in  Morgan,  Calhoun,  and  Pike  Counties,  Illi- 
nois.    Forty  specimens  were  taken  out  of  a  pocket  or  cache. 

Dr.  J.  F.  Snyder,  Virginia,  Illinois,  April  30,  1888.  Has  nearly  one  hnndred  rnde 
implements  of  white  dint,  found  on  the  surface  in  Cass  County,  Illinois  ;  also  about 
thirt}'  rude  dints  from  Schuyler  County,  Illinois,  and  eight  specimens  somewhat 
resembling  the  District  of  Colutnbia  specimens  fignred,  of  black  slaty  quartzite, 
plowed  up  in  one  deposit.  Several  dints  from  Saint  Clair  County,  Illinois;  ten  of 
white  cherty  quartzite  from  Pettis  County,  Missouri;  fifteen  from  Jefi'erson  County, 
Missouri ;  eighteen  of  brown  vitreous  dint  from  Travis  County,  Texas;  nine  of  pink 
and  white  novaculite  from  Garland  County,  Arkansas. 

John  E.  Younglove,  Bowling  Green,  Kentucky,  February  9,  1888.  Has  twenty  or 
twenty-five  rude  implements  principally  of  blue  dint,  found  in  this  region  on  the 


Has  a  number;  found  in 
Has  six  rude  implements 


THE   PALEOLITHIC   PERIOD   OF   THE   STONE   AGE. 


701 


10- 


Hurface,  not  in  luonndH.  They  are  not  rejrarcled  as  valuable.  Gave  Profensor  Ward, 
of  Rochester,  forty  speciineiiH.  Sends  photograph  of  human  bone  (femur)  pierced  with 
dint  arrow;  highly  interesting  s|iocimen. 

J.  G.  Cisco,  Jiickson,  Tennessee,  February  9, 18H8.  Has  twenty  implements  of  gray 
quartz,  most  of  them  found  on  the  surface  (a  few  from  mounds)  in  Madison  County, 
Tennessee. 

Benjamin  F.  Bush,  Grand  Blanc,  Michigan,  February  18,  18ti8.  Has  many  pieces 
Jike  illustrations  in  circuhir  3(i. 

Miss  F.  E.  Babbitt,  Cold  water,  Michigan,  February  21,  1888.  Has  a  large  number 
of  specimens  which  are  misplaced  or  lost.  Material,  quartz.  They  are  found  in  the 
gravels  at  Little  Falls,  Minnesota.    Will  try  and  get  souie  this  summer. 

F.  C.  Clark,  A.  B.,  4'2  Madison  street,  Ann  Arbor,  Miebigan,  February  15,  1888. 
Has  some  rude  stone  iinplemeuts  resembling  those  in  circular  Mi.  Oue  from  sand  and 
gravel  pit  12  feet  under  the  surface,  looks  like  "  bath  brick"  rudely  tlaked.  Studied 
archieology  for  ten  years  under  Professor  Wiucbell. 

R.  H.  Tremper,  M.  D.,  Albion,  Michigan,  February  9, 1888.  Has  about  one  hundred 
and  fifty  rude  implements. 

N.  Y.  Green.  Battle  Creek,  Michigan,  March  16, 1888.  Has  twenty  rude  implements 
of  flint,  slate,  and  a  kind  of  sandstone  or  sandy  slate.  All  found  on  the  surface  in 
that  locality.     Drift  formatioii. 

Charles  E.  Barnes,  Lansing,  Michigan,  January  9,  18-8.  His  collection  is  boxed  at 
Battle  Creek.     Has  not  seen  it  for  four  years. 

C.  L.  Mann,  27  Erie  street,  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  February  6,  1888.  All  our  col- 
lections contain  them,  but  they  are  considered  of  small  value.  Has  forty  or  fifty 
copper  implements  for  sale.  Will  send  photographs.  They  were  uncovered  by  a 
storm — cyclone. 

E.  L.  Brown,  Durand,  Wisconsin,  February  17,  1888.  Hasoneof  Vtluishhornstone; 
found  on  the  surface.  He  knows  a  Methodist  preacher  who  has  a  collection  of  seventy- 
five.  Does  not  know  where  he  is.  They  were  plowetl  up  aud  said  to  have  been 
placed  on  their  edges  close  together. 

W.  M.  Wheeler,  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  May  4, 1888.  Custodian  of  Public  Museum. 
Has  twelve  rude  iinplemeuts  of  flint  in  the  Museum  collection.  Surface  tiuds.  Will 
not  part  with  any. 

John  Hume,  Hgliiitoii  Place,  Davenport,  Iowa,  February  25,  1888.  Wants  more 
time  to  examine  the  authorities. 

Thomas  J.  Tidswell,  Independence,  Missouri,  April  2,  1888.  Has  thirty  rude  im- 
plements of  dark  blue  and  gray  flint;  found  on  the  surface  in  Jackson  County,  Illi- 
nois, as.sociated  with  scrapers,  perforators,  hammer-stones,  arrow-points,  etc.  Deposit 
seemed  accidental.     Will  send  twelve  or  flfteen. 

Charles  J.  Turner,  Brunswick,  Missouri,  March  20,  1888.  Hasafew  n.ostlyof  flint. 
Some  from  mounds,  some  from  the  surface. 

George  J.  Engelman,  M.  D.,  3003  Locust  street,  St.  Lonis,  Missouri,  February  7, 
188H.  Has  a  large  number  of  rude  implements  of  red  brownstone  similar  to  porphyry. 
Surface  flnds  from  southeast  Missouri.     Deposit  accidental.    No  one  values  them. 

Sid  J.  Hare,  C.  E.,  Kansas  City,  Missouri,  April  1,  1888.  Has  twenty  rude  imple- 
ments of  flint;  found  on  the  surface,  in  plowed  tields,  associated  with  arrow-points 
and  stone  axes,  in  the  vicinity  of  Kansas  City.  Deposit  seemed  accidental.  None 
found  in  mounds.     Will  send  specimens  next  fall. 

G.  C.  Broadhead,  Columbia,  Mis.sonri,  February  9, 1888.  Has  twenty  of  white  chert, 
hematite,  and  porphyry.  Surface  finds  from  Missouri,  Kansas,  aud  Texas.  Will  not 
part  with  them. 

W.  Albert  Chapman,  Okolona,  Arkansas,  February  13, 1888.  Has  fifty  points,  from 
crude  to  perfect,  also  masses  of  chipped  material,  such  as  hornstoue,  flint,  lydian 
stone,  jasper,  transparent  (|uartz,  <|uartz  (various  shades  of  white)  gneiss,  and  mica 
schist.  The  sperlmeus  wore  found  on  the  surface  and  down  to  6  feet  below,  singly, 
and  associated  with  chippings,  broken  and  unfinished  points,  aud  other  tools  or  iiu- 


fl 


702 


REPOUT   OF   NATIONAL   MUSEUM,   1888. 


pleiiiouts,  in  Clark,  Nevada,  Piko,  Howard,  Sovier,  Polk,  Hut  Springs,  and  Mont- 
gomery Coiiulies,  ArkaiiMan. 

R.  R.  Smith,  Fordyce,  Arkansas.  Has  several  dozen  of  rude  and  untiuislied  imple- 
ments of  Hint  of  various  colors.  Found  on  tlie  surface  ail  over  the  country,  but 
mostly  near  ereeks  and  rivers,  and  also  in  mounds.    Other  objects  found  with  thcui. 

.).  L.  Mclunis,  College  Station,  Texas,    (iives  no  inlormation. 

Dr.  H.  H.  Thorpe,  Liberty  Hill,  Texas,  February  11,  188tf.  Has  none.  Has  heard 
of  but  never  {gathered  them.     Has  some  mound  relies  which  he  will  forward. 

Stephen  Ibtwers,  San  Buenaventura,  California,  April  18,  18-^8.  Has  tifty  of  chert, 
quart,  ajjate,  jasjjcr,  chalcedony,  obsidian,  p(»rphyry,  and  basaltic  rocks;  found  on 
the  surface  on  old  village  sites,  and  sometimes  buried  with  mortars,  pestles,  bowls, 
pipes,  spear-points,  and  shell  and  bone  implements.  Only  occasionally  deposited 
with  the  dead. 

Mrs.  ]{.  F.  Ilin^ham,  corresponding  secretary  of  the  Society  of  Natural  History, 
Santa  Barbara,  California.  Has  none  and  nothing  similar.  Has  mortars,  arrows, 
etc.,  found  in  graves — here  and  on  adjacent  islands. 

H.  F.  Emeric,  auditing  department,  Wclls-Fargo  Kxpres-s,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia, February  '24,  18^8.  Has  no  collecti<in.  Knows  the  implements  ;  material 
black  Hint;  found  all  over  California. 

E.  .1.  M.  Knowltou,  Big  Lake  County,  Minnesota,  February '20,  1888.     Has  nothing. 

William  Middagh,  Roliag,  Minnesota,  .March  (i,  1888.     Has  nothing. 

(Jeorge  W.  Seymour,  Taylor's  ?\il Is,  Minnesota,  February  Iti.  Has  none,  but  knows 
of  mounds  in  his  neighborhood  which  could  be  o])cned. 

A.  F.  Davidson,  Crostou,  Oregon,  April  H,  18n8.     Has  nothing. 

William  Cuppage,  Wintield,  Kansas,  Feliruary  2'\,  1888.  Has  no  rude  implements. 
Sent  his  collection  of  stone  implements  to  his  sister  in  Ireland  and  his  last  copper  ax 
to  the  Smithsonian  Institution. 

A.  K.  Bodley,  Ohio  Township,  Franklin  County ,  Kansas.  Has  two  hoes  and  a  pestle ; 
nothing  else.    They  are  now  in  the  University,  Ottawa,  Franklin  County,  Kansas. 

T.  M.  Shallenberger,  Bradshaw,  Nebraska,  February  1),  1888.  Has  very  few  of 
paleolithic  type.     Will  forward  in  time  what  he  has  and  agree  upon  exchange. 

Clark  F.  Ansley,  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  April  W,  1888.  Has  forty  rude  implements  of 
clear  quart/.,  tlint,  and  greenstone. 

Lewis  A.  Kengla,  M.  D.,  Tucson,  Arizona,  March  29,  1888.  Letter  of  this  date 
refers  to  collections  from  the  District  of  Columbia  which  was  left  at  his  father's  house. 
Can  give  no  information  as  to  numbers. 

E.  L.  Berthor.d,  Golden,  Colorado,  March  G,  1888.  Has  seven  implements  from  his 
neighborhood.    Sent  some  to  the  Smithsonian  Institution. 

A.  L.  Siler,  Ranch,  Utah,  February  '21,  1888.     Has  none. 

David  Boyle,  curator  of  museum,  Canadian  Institute,  Toronto,  Canada,  February 
8,  1888.  Has  one  hundred  rude  implements  of  chert;  found  all  over  the  province 
from  8  to  10  inches  below  the  surface  associated  with  implements  of  a  more  highly 
finished  typo.  Can  not  send  specimens.  Refers  to  writer's  report  in  the  printer's 
hands. 


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